SPECIFICITY OF THE ACTION OF SILENCE IN JAPANESE COMMUNICATION CULTURE

Аннотация

The Japanese are always wary of what they say, fearing of hurting the feelings of others, and often even use silent gestures to get along with their interlocutors. Therefore, in Japanese discourse, communication is determined not only by words, but also by the actions of silence. This article describes the peculiarities of the operation of silence in the Japanese language culture. In this regard, first of all, the features, role and tasks of silence in Japanese discourse are considered. It is also supposed to consider silence as an action and take into account the ambiguity of its interpretation. On the other hand, studying the classification of the action of silence helps to understand the behavior of silence that occurs in discourse. The article examines the culture of silence in terms of dynamic and spiritual interaction and finds that the interpretation of the action of silence can be understood on several levels, given the perspective of interaction between speaker and listener. That is, it is assumed that the meaning of the action of silence can be classified as an action that allows for multilevel interpretation. KEYWORDS: - Silence, Japanese culture, communication, discourse, context, action, speech act. communicate with them. For example, between I NTRODUCTION Europeans and Americans, the pause that occurs during communication usually causes some In Japanese, 沈黙timmokumeans silence, not as a discomfort and often nervousness. pause between words in a stream of speech acts, but Mechkovskaya [2], “ In Western cultures, as a specific communication movement. [1, p. 51]. communication should not be interrupted, it should be supplemented with speech; at the very least, it is Silence can be misunderstood even by the Japanese customary to create a view of the exchange of themselves, not to mention the foreigners who CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGICAL 50 SCIENCES ISSN – 2767-3758 https://masterjournals.com/index.php/crjps CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2(8): 50-55, May 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/philological-crjps-02-08-12 ISSN 2767-3758 ©2021 Master Journals Accepted26thAugust, 2021 & Published 31thAugust, 2021 information. In Japan, meanwhile, silence is By silence, the reprinting of different interpretations tantamount to disconnection and nothing to blame. is interpreted in terms of vague action [6]. The On the contrary, it is a necessary component of ambiguity in the interpretation of silence lies not only communication. "Many people in other countries in the question of meaning expressed by silence, but thought that the fact that the Japanese way of also in the question of whether silence is a form of communicating was characterized not only by discourse. To us, the question of who will help the silence, but also by avoidance of speech, could be participants of the discourse by silence is also on the considered a "waste of time." head. It is this understanding that often leads to The Japanese value the sensitivity of the interlocutor, misunderstandings between Japanese and Western depending on the situation on their part, but also to carriers. consider other points of view. The Japanese believe that the silence in communication is related to a clear According to T. M. Gurevich, “ the Japanese are called knowledge of the social hierarchy in their group and the bearers of the traditional culture of silence as the in society as a whole. It is considered obscene to polite representatives of the culture of speak openly against someone in a high position. communication” [3, p. 299]. The Japanese may interpret silence differently Silence is usually an action that is different from depending on the situation. There are several silence speech or sound and represents a state of lack of functions. The Japanese use silence not only to communication or pause [4, p. 9]. prevent conflicts, but also, for example, to upset the interlocutor or to prolong communication with him. By silence, it plays a different role in both By silence, they show a negative attitude towards the communication and speech, so it is an action like other person by ignoring them. You can also defend speech. The boundary between silence and speech is your point of view by silence or pay attention to what not very clear [5, p. 17]. is being said. Silence can be a way to avoid direct remarks that may offend the other person. So, we can Expressing intentions and feelings by silence is a very say that silence can be positive or negative. indirect expression, and expressing silence as an action can be recognized in national culture. Before understanding how to work “ honne and tatemae” , it is important to study the interactions of R certain features of Japanese culture, such as rejecting ESEARCH MATERIALS AND ANALYSIS open statements, which means “ high-context culture” and “ low-context culture” . [7, p.19-30]. The main purpose of our study is to describe the The main characteristics of high-context cultures peculia