THEORY OF POLITENESS IN MODERN LINGUISTICS

Аннотация

The article is devoted to the study of the features of the verbalization of the concept of politeness in modern English, namely, the consideration and systematization of the possible andthe acceptable repertoire of linguistic tools available to the speaker to create polite utterancesin relation to various situations of communication, which, in its turn, involves consideration of interdependence and interaction of the actual semantics of the statement and its pragmatic parameters in the formation of a common meaning statements. KEYWORDS: - Politeness theory, politeness, semantics, concept, pragmatics. large number of articles and monographs on this I NTRODUCTION topic have appeared, including in different cultures Politeness is a complex and multifaceted / see. Literature / [1]. phenomenon that is an integral part of people's daily life and permeates all human interaction. The However, despite numerous publications, the unrelenting interest in the study of this analysis existing work in this area indicates lack of phenomenon on the part of representatives of unity of views on what constitutes the phenomenon different fields of knowledge testifies to the of politeness and what should be understood by this importance of this issue in human relationships in category, what is its nature and what are the general and especially in intercultural interaction. mechanisms of its action indifferent linguocultures. Studies in the field of politeness from a pragmatic Trying to describe the category of politeness as fully point of view were carried out already in the early as possible, the researchers suggest different 70s of the last century and go back to the works of approaches, different learning models. R. Lakoff / Lakoff R., 1973 /, P. Brown and S. Levinson / Brown & Levinson, 1978; 1987 / and J. Politeness stands out as a separate issue in which Leech / Leech, 1983 /. Over the past decades, a specialists are interested in a number of humanities such as linguistics, sociology, psychology, CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGICAL 15 SCIENCES ISSN – 2767-3758 https://masterjournals.com/index.php/crjps CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2(9): 15-20, September 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/philological-crjps-02-09-04 ISSN 2767-3758 ©2021 Master Journals Accepted20thSeptember, 2021 & Published 25thSeptember, 2021 ethnography, cultural studies, social anthropology, of attitude towards people. The philosophical and linguopragmatics, sociolinguistics, ethical interpretation of etiquette is reduced to a psycholinguistics, applied linguistics, etc. And this is system of prohibitions and permissions, including no coincidence, since the category of politeness as speech, existing in every given society, in a given multidimensional phenomenon can be considered environment, in a given collective. According to N.I. only at an interdisciplinary level, and only joint Formanovskaya, "the norms of speech etiquette efforts of scientists of related specialties can answer permeates any speech act. Etiquette defines all our the question of what is communication in general, behavior. And what is meant by speech etiquette is and, in particular, what constitutes politeness as its used in the speech of each of us daily and integral and especially significant part. The problem repeatedly. Perhaps these are the most common of politeness as a subject of scientific analysis is expressions: wemany times a day we turn to directly related to the culture of speech and speech someone, we greet our acquaintances and etiquette, which traditionally receive a lot of strangers, we say goodbye to people, we thank attention. Speech etiquette is an integral part of the someone, we apologize to someone, we culture of communication. Among of numerous congratulate someone, we wish good luck to manifestations of culture, the culture of someone or make compliments, we condole with communication occupies an important, if not someone, sympathize ; we advise, ask, offer, invite, leading, place in the life of society, since demand ...Speech etiquette is a class of speech acts communication has a unifying, influencing function with its own specific functions and speech in the life of people, in communication, the intentions, outside of which and without which interaction of communication partners is realized to communication does not threaten to become achieve both communicative and non- successful "/ Formanovskaya, 2002: 14 /. communicative goals. It is obvious that communicate with the addressee in such a way as The close relationship between the category of not to inflict damage to your speech. Politeness and politeness and speech the etiquette is obvious. etiquette fulfill this mission. However, despite this, it is advisable to separate the category of politeness from the concept of "speech In a specific act of communication, the desire of the etiquette", since the category of politeness does not interlocutors to inflict the least "damage" on eac