COVERAGE OF FERGANA ARCHITECTURAL MONUMENTS IN ISHAKHON TORA IBRAT'S WORK “HISTORY OF FERGANA”

Аннотация

It is known that Ishakhon Tora Ibrat's (1874–1922) “History of Fergana” is a valuable source of information on the social, cultural and diplomatic history of the entire valley and even neighboring Kyrgyzstan, Kashgar, Tajikistan, Turkestan, parts of Kazakhstan are political,, which belonged to the territory of the Kokand Khanate at that time. It also contains information on the history of architectural monuments in these areas. They can be classified into three groups: 1) The play compiles the history of who built the monument, when and where; 2) The history of the monument is filled with new information; 3) Religious legends about the monument are given. The article illustrates these groups on the basis of examples and shows the importance of Ishakhon Tora Ibrat's work “History of Fergana” in filling in the information on the history of architectural monuments of Fergana. KEYWORDS: - Amir al-Muslim, History of Fergana, medicine, astronomy, literature, art, architectural monuments, Umarkhan mosque, Kyrgyzstan, Kashgar, Tajikistan, Turkestan, and Kazakhstan, Amir al- Muslim. I T NTRODUCTION HE MAIN FINDINGS AND RESULTS History is such a comprehensive concept that it Typically, the historian uses a unique part of his applies to every aspect of our lives. Whether it is work in a compilation of the works of his medicine, astronomy, literature, art, each has its predecessors, and covers the history of his time, own history. for the most part, as a witness. This also applies to the history of architectural monuments. Although Ishakhon Tora Ibrat's (1874–1922) “History of Fergana” is so called, it contains not Ishakhon Tora Ibrat's “History of Fergana” only the present-day Fergana, but also the entire provides information on the history of valley of the Kokand Khanate at that time, and architectural monuments in the following order: even parts of neighboring Kyrgyzstan, Kashgar, 1. Direct monument history: information about Tajikistan, Turkestan, and Kazakhstan, is a who built it, when, where, is compiled. valuable source of information on social, cultural, diplomatic history. 2. The existing history is filled with new information. CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGICAL 49 SCIENCES ISSN – 2767-3758 https://masterjournals.com/index.php/crjps CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2(10): 49- 53, October 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/philological-crjps-02-10-10 ISSN 2767-3758 ©2021 Master Journals Accepted26thOctober, 2021 & Published 31thOctober, 2021 3. Religious legends about the monument are reason for the nickname “Paradise”. This event is given. described in the book “History of Fergana” as follows: “In the Umarkhan era, building a 1. The direct history of the monument in the madrasah, developing knowledge, and play: a compilation of information about who introducing the rules of Sharia were in the built it, when, where. The fact that the father-in- picture. When he said, “The one who lays the law and minister of the Kokand khan foundation stone is the one who lays the stone, Khudoyorkhan, Muslimkul, built a madrasah which has not been recommended since named after Khudoyorkhan in place of the old puberty”, the khan himself said: “Alhamdulillah, I Horde of the previous khans, is written in prose have never left it in my life!” When he laid the and poetry in many sources [4: 212; 9: 118; foundation stone, the ulama gave him the 10:30; 12: 185]. The same information is given in nickname “Paradise” for a century” [8] the “History of Fergana”: In Khokand he built a madrasah named after Khudoyorkhan. It was the At this point, we found it necessary to pay arch of the Hoqand horde where the land had attention to another issue. Sources on the history previously passed. It was built in 1272 AH” [8] of Kokand state that Amir Umarkhan was given the title of Amir al-Muslim, according to which “... 2. Filling the existing history of the game with the scholars issued a fatwa stating that new information. At the same time, as the whichever king paid twelve thousand people historian speaks about our past in his work, should be called Amir al-Muslim. At that time, the there are places where his predecessors number of those who received salaries and expressed their creativity by supplementing it pensions from the state of Amir Umarkhan with the information he collected. Although the reached forty thousand” [11: 345]. play does not describe the full history of the architectural monument, on the contrary, we see In fact, when literary and historical sources information that complements it, directing us to describe Amir Umarkhan, along with the title of find a source related to it. For example, the Amir al-Muslim, the nickname “paradise” is often history of the mosque in Kokand is mentioned in mentioned, but the reason for it is not explained. more than 20 historical and literary sources of its In the example of the above quote in Ibrat's work time and later. They include the date of "History of Fergana" it can be