MEANS OF EXPRESSING MODALITY IN KOREAN LANGUAGE (ON THE EXAMPLE OF DUTY)

Аннотация

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the expression of modal features in the form of obligation. Due to the variety of approaches to the phenomenon under consideration, the topic of this article seems to be relevant in the Korean language. The study of these differences helps to identify systemic differences in the means of expressing modality in different languages, including Russian. KEYWORDS: - Modality, category of modality, characteristic of modality, obligation, modality of the Korean sentence. 2 considered adverbs . According to A.A. I NTRODUCTION Kholodovich, there are five analytical structures that express the category of obligation: Studying the Korean language in Uzbekistan continues to be very popular. The communicative - adverb preceding the main verb + particle 야 + orientation of teaching the Korean language is service verb 하다: especially noted and, accordingly, interest in modal 우리가 학교 숙제를 열심히 해야 한다. meanings is justified by the fact that their use We have to do school assignments. causes ambiguous answers. 동생은 자주 연습을 해야 하는데 안 해요. As is known, the lexical and grammatical elements The little brother has to exercise often, but he of the language are the means of expressing the doesn't. category of modality. It should be noted that in the - verb preceding the main verb + particle 야 + suffix well-known works on the grammar of the Korean 겠 followed by the predicate: language, this category is separately distinguished 1 이 것은 시간이 걸리는 문제라서 나중에 by A.A. Kholodovich , in others it is limited only to 생각해야겠다. the enumeration of modal words that are This task takes time, you will have to think about it later. 우리가 이젠 이런 일이 없도록 꼭 확인해야겠다. 1 A.A. Kholodovich An outline of the grammar of the Korean language. - M: Literature in foreign 2 Ramstedt G. Grammar of the Korean Language languages, 1954. - 320 p. 1951. - 232 p. CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGICAL 56 SCIENCES ISSN – 2767-3758 https://masterjournals.com/index.php/crjps CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2(11): 56-59, November 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/philological-crjps-02-11-14 ISSN 2767-3758 ©2021 Master Journals Accepted25thNovember, 2021 & Published 30thNovember, 2021 To prevent this from happening again, it will be broad sense of the word 3 . Obligation is a necessary to check everything. characteristic of practical action from the point of - adverb preceding the main verb + 야 + service 4 view of a certain system of norms . verb 되다: As you know, in the Korean language, as in the 여러분, 이 상은 우리가 받아야 됩니다. language of the agglutinative type, the obligation is Gentlemen, you need to take these prizes. conveyed not so much by lexical as by grammatical 이 것은 보내야 되는 게 아니야? and lexical-grammatical constructions, which can Shouldn't it have been sent. be simple and complex. Below is an example where -the participle of the future tense with the modal lexical units with the meaning “duty, responsibility, meaning of obligation; conditional participle from obligation, duty” are used to express a duty with the the negative form of the verb + negative form of the meaning “must”. And also, an example of the use of verb 되다 with the construction formula 하지 아니 lexical units with the meaning of "duty, obligation" - 하면 아니 되다, for example: 책무, 의무. 오늘 꼭 가야 합니다. 안 가면 안 돼요. 어른을 잘 섬기는 것은 아이의 책무입니다. You should definitely go today. It is impossible not It is the responsibility of children to honor elders. → to go. Children should honor their elders. 이렇게 잘 보지 않으면 안 됩니다. 계속 문제만 자식을 잘 키우는 것은 부모의 의무입니다. 생길겁니다. It is a parent's duty / responsibility to bring up You don't have to look that good. Problems will children well. → Parents should bring up their continue. children well. Based on the foregoing, when describing the means A simple syntactic construction using lexical units of expressing modality in the Korean language, we such as 책무, 의무, 책임 with the meaning rely on the systematization proposed by A.A. “obligation”, “responsibility” in combination with Kholodovich, since it is the most adequate. First, the the predicative 있다 / 없다, the verb 지다 “take systematic approach made it possible to see the responsibility, bear”, where the modal construction most strikingly distinctive features of linguistic is 의무 / 책임 이 있다 / 없다 governs a elements, in this case - constructions and propositional verb in participle form in - ㄹ / 을. grammatical elements expressing modality in each Thus, the construction - ㄹ / 을 의무 / 책임 이 of the languages under consideration. Secondly, it 있다 / 없다 describe a modal situation like “A must made it possible to identify systemic differences in / must do B”. the means of expressing modality in two different- 아버지는 일할 의무가 있습니다. structured languages - Korean and Russian. It is The father must to work. these differences that create difficulties in 모든 회사들이 납세의 의무를 집니다. translating Korean modal constructions into All companies must pay taxes. Russian. The considered categorical modal meaning Along with the fact that in such a syntactic