ANALYSIS BY AHMAD DONISH ABOUT THE STATE ADMINISTRATION OF THE MANGYT RULERS

Аннотация

In the history of Central Asian socio-political thought, Donish was one of the first to advance the idea of a connection between the origin of the state and property. According to him, the right to land ownership arises not by the will of Allah, but as a result of violence and aggression of one person over another. Inequality, he said, has led to many conflicts. In order to establish peace in society, the land must be divided equally among the people, because “everyone is equal in the inheritance of the father, and therefore the habit of bloodshed must be abolished, so that people can live in peace and tranquility.” KEYWORDS: - Ahmad Donish, Samarkand, Emir, Minister of Military Affairs, Minister of Education, General Affairs, Ministry of Internal Affairs, Chief of Chancellery, Chief Water Distributor. Ahmad Donish showed that the duties of the state I NTRODUCTION are subordinated to the public interest. Donish's view that "the state was created by the In order to establish state power, “a country must people by agreement between them and the rulers have a certain amount of troops. A king is not a king to protect them from thieves and robbers" is closer without an army, and an army cannot exist without to the conciliation theory of the origin of the state. a treasure. ” Wisdom likens state power to that of a According to Ahmad Donish, the first duty of the man sitting on a throne. It takes five things to see it: state is to take care of the people. Therefore, justice, army, people, water, treasure. governors have to worry about the growth of the state economy, digging canals, building reservoirs, According to Donish, "the state should serve not for roads, bridges, land development, processing of the needs of a group of people, but for the benefit of mineral resources, enlightening the people, the people, for the prosperity of the country." "In developing science and technology, opening schools governing the country," said Donish, "the ruler must and special educational institutions. In this way, solve important state problems together with his CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGICAL 122 SCIENCES ISSN – 2767-3758 https://masterjournals.com/index.php/crjps CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2(12): 122-129, December 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/philological-crjps-02-12-25 ISSN 2767-3758 ©2021 Master Journals Accepted15thDecember, 2021 & Published 20thDecember, 2021 advisers." This means that if the ruler relies on dream: in the dream of the first, a lion comes among knowledge, experience, and justice, he will fulfill his the mammals and runs in all directions out of fear, duty fully and clearly. He substantiates this but the mammals kill the lion alone; in the dream of conclusion as follows: the other, the moon appears in the sky during the day and falls to the ground like a muscle. After him, First of all, let the Emir and other ministers- the star also falls from the sky and falls to the governors agree, let there be friendship and alliance ground. The thinker explains the interpretation of between them. Let them decide state affairs on the dreams as follows: “If the kingdom in basis of consultative advice. The war and bloodshed Movarounnahr is kept in the hands of this class, the in Central Asia must end. Disputes between states next generation will see what life will be like: the should be resolved peacefully, through consultation. rulers are ignorant, the scholars are lazy, the War brings misery, destroys the country, and soldiers are ignorant. What will happen to this state disturbs the people. of mangits and their subordinates? What does the fall of the moon and stars indicate? ” Ahmad Donish Secondly, a wise and just king should appoint makes two different points of view: in the tradition, honest, conscientious, business-minded, seeing the moon at half-day is a sign of goodness, respectable people to the position of the state, let but in the interpretation of sorcerers, it is a sign of them abide by the rules of the state, and be a pink evil. It can also be said that the lion is the king of refuge in everything. Let them resolve issues on the beasts, and its destruction by wild beasts (here the basis of truth and justice. Let them consider the upper class is taken into account) is a sign of the case of the emir at a certain time, for they may make collapse of the Bukhara state system. a mistake, abuse the position. Ahmad Donish said: "The tyranny of the officials is, in fact, the tyranny of Fourth, Donish sees cooperation as an important the sultan, because he himself allowed it and agreed tool of public administration. Here the author is to it." referring to the interactions between states. The author emphasizes the need to strengthen friendly Thirdly, in the Memoirs of Ayni, it is narrated that relations with Russia and other countries. During the sanitary condition of cities and villages in his travels and as a result of his contacts, he felt that Bukhara and in Central Asia in