REFLECTION OF ANCIENT RELIGIOUS BELIEFS IN ANIMAL RITUALS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF JIZZAKH OASIS)

Аннотация

This article analyzes the fact that in the ancient Jizzakh oasis, animal husbandry was one of the most ancient forms of traditional farming and one of the main types of labor that determined the source of livelihood, and other issues. It also highlights the lifestyle of the herders and the views and traditions associated with this training, which have been studied to some extent by our research scientists on the basis of ethnographic materials, and similar issues. KEYWORDS:- Jizzakh oasis, animals, traditional farming, livelihood, traditions, training, scientists, ethnographic materials, divine power, totemism, fetishism, paganism, Bronze Age, Central Asia. 2008. P. 8]. I NTRODUCTION Indeed, animal husbandry was one of the oldest Although in ancient times people gave different forms of traditional farming and one of the main names to the idea of divine strength, this power types of labor that determined the source of has always been considered God deciding their livelihood. The lifestyles of the herders and the destiny. At various times, the tribes believed in views and traditions associated with this training “their” divine power, connecting their needs and have been studied to some extent by our desires, fears and joys with the divine power, and research scientists on the basis of ethnographic sought to understand the world. Trying to soften materials. However, ancient religious ideas and the savagery of nature with magic, they begin to beliefs related to animal husbandry have not yet worship its various manifestations — the Sun, been specifically studied as a separate object of the stars, the thunder, the rain, the wind, the fire. study [Ashirov, 2007, PP. 145-146.]. After all, Thus, such beliefs as animism, totemism, from ancient times, that is, since the beginning of fetishism, and paganism emerged, and their the process of capturing and domesticating followers began to follow each other [Karamatov, animals, the rituals and customs associated with CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF HISTORY 17 ISSN – 2767-472X https://masterjournals.com/index.php/CRJH CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF HISTORY 2(5): 17-20, May 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/history-crjh-02-05-05 ISSN 2767-472X ©2021 Master Journals Accepted 15th May, 2021 & Published 20th May, 2021 animal husbandry reflected the attitude of the In the mountains of Turkestan (Morguzar) people to the animal world. At the same time, passing through the oasis, in the Uriklisay gorge, they embodied the relationship between man there is a huge (5 x 3 m) shaman-stone god and nature, people and the animal kingdom, the (Tangri sang) facing east (sunrise) from the life experiences and spiritual views of human mountain rock [Alibekov., Nishanov, 1978. P.97]. society related to several thousand years of labor Naturally, this image of the shaman, resembling activity. the head of a man in Turkish appearance, was a sacred place of worship for the cattle-breeding The economy of the population of Central Asia population. This monument testifies to the has long been based on natural and geographical widespread perception of Shamanism among the features, and due to the first division of labor cattle-breeding population of Ustrushona. that took place in the Bronze Age, it was divided into a nomadic group engaged in agriculture, In addition to the livestock breeders in the oasis, settlements and animal husbandry. In the Jizzakh animal husbandry also played an important role oasis, along with agriculture, there were in the life of the farming population. Farmers favorable conditions for livestock. The natural used them mainly as a source of labor, livestock, conditions of the oasis made it possible to raise auxiliary power, and additional income. There all the cattle. was a nature and purpose of the rites and customs of animal husbandry, that is, the rites We know that from time immemorial in were aimed at the reproduction of the animal, its Ustrushna, along with the peasant population, protection from various diseases, wild beasts, livestock breeders also played an important role and thieves. This means that pet health has in the growth of the population around always been important for breeders. They agricultural oases, the development of new lands performed various rituals at certain times of the and turning them into prosperous agricultural year to protect the animal from various oases. In the cultural life of the peoples of the calamities, evil forces, evil eyes and attacks of region, the coexistence and intermingling of the wild animals [Ashirov, 2007. P. 147.]. two types of farms have played an important role. The ancient spiritual and religious ideas of As a result of research carried out by the the Ustrushona herdsmen came in different archaeologist F.E. Toshbaev at the Gulbo forms [Toshboev, 2018, P. 37]. cemetery in the Zaamin district, objects such as arrows, bows and arrows were found. According Sources mention the pre-Islamic pastoral beliefs to the researcher, they also