STUDYING THE HISTORY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE HEALTHCARE SYSTEM IN UZBEKISTAN DURING THE YEARS OF INDEPENDENCE

Аннотация

The article briefly highlights the history of the study of the health problem by Uzbek scientists in a certain period of time. The works of the authors are divided into groups based on their quality, nature and focus. Monographic and dissertation research is especially highlighted. Used methods of chronological and comparative analysis, particular attention is paid to the study of orientalists of Uzbekistan and publications of foreign authors. It is recognized that as a result of the implementation of the results of dissertation research by individual authors, there is an optimization of the structure of health care authorities and a decrease in the level of disease in the population. Over the years of independence, a health care reform program has been implemented. Much has been done to improve its quality and culture of timeliness and efficiency. A network of urgent emergency care, rural medical outpatient clinics and city polyclinics, multidisciplinary specialized clinics, scientific centers has been created. Medical care for women and children of the country is provided at the level of world standards, personnel training is carried out in 14 medical universities and one pharmaceutical institute, in 85 medical colleges. Advanced training and retraining of medical personnel is carried out in universities and an advanced training institute. At present, it is one of the most important branches of the country’s national economy. As a result of socio- economic and medical measures in Uzbekistan, medical care has become universal and publicly available, such dangerous diseases as cholera, plague, smallpox, parasitic typhus, trachoma have been eliminated, and the incidence of many others has been reduced. Over the past 10 years, the incidence of the population with such socially dangerous ailments as congenital defects by 32.4%, infectious diseases by 40%, the incidence of the upper respiratory tract has decreased by 4.2 times. The incidence of diphtheria, paratyphoid fever, poliomyelitis, malaria has been completely eradicated [1]. The health care system employs about 650 thousand people (this is almost 10 percent of the able-bodied population of the republic), including more than 84 thousand doctors and 500 thousand paramedical workers. An extensive network of medical institutions in Uzbekistan is capable of providing the necessary medical and preventive care to the entire population. KEYWORDS: - Uzbekistan, health care history, monograph, dissertation, doctors, rape, scientists, etc. CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF HISTORY 31 ISSN – 2767-472X https://masterjournals.com/index.php/CRJH CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF HISTORY 2(5): 31-36, May 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/history-crjh-02-05-10 ISSN 2767-472X ©2021 Master Journals Accepted 25th May, 2021 & Published 30th May, 2021 Education A.Yu. Ibrohimov, D.A. Asadov and P.R. I NTRODUCTION Menlikulov wrote a good article on the main directions of health care reform in the country In 1991, Uzbekistan gained its independence. By [3.55-57]. Professor D.A. For the first time in the this time, a centralized state health care system country, Asadov and his co-authors tried to show had been formed in the republic. During the a cost-effective approach to health care reform, years of independence, it has become one of the the peculiarities and prospects of its most important sectors of the economy. The development [4.57]. history of the development of the healthcare system in the republic has been in the focus of The third group includes a number of scientific research scientists, doctors and public figures. As papers devoted to the analysis of the activities a result, the number of scientific papers devoted carried out in the health care system. In 2013, to the problem is growing. Over time, they the collection “Primary health care in multiply again and research is conducted in the Uzbekistan: achievements and challenges” was spirit of the times. published [5.127]. It summarizes the results of the reform of primary health care in the country Research methods: Periodicity and comparative over the past 10-15 years. The book is based on analysis methods were used. the projects of the Ministry of Health, the World Purpose and mission Health Organization (WHO) and the World Bank (WB) “Health-1-2”. From the point of view of historiography, it is possible to analyze the existing research work by Valuable analytical information and suggestions dividing it into several parts. The first group can can be found in the following publications: include the works of authors who were directly “Improving the training of primary care involved in the process and based on generalized physicians in Uzbekistan” [6.14], “Assessment of documents based on their own knowledge. telemedicine development in the Republic of Among the authoritative studies are those who Uzbekistan”, “Strategy and development of e- once served as Minister of Health - Academician health” [7], “Reforming the financing and