HISTORY OF UZBEK FOLK INSTRUMENTS

Аннотация

The musical instruments reflect the national characteristics, traditions, customs and values of each nation, from which the sound is derived. Performing arts in musical instruments as a means of glorifying the spirituality of mankind is the responsibility of folk art, and from time immemorial has been formed and developed among the masses. The national instruments are constantly being perfected by skilled musicians and are distinguished by their vibrancy, musicality and melody. As musical instruments have become more and more in demand throughout history, so has the attention paid to their educational and pedagogical aspects. KEYWORDS: - Status, genre, song, work, music, sunray, rhythm, form, style, instrument, art. hurricane. Then came the noisy instruments, I NTRODUCTION with the performers applauding and emphasizing the rhythm, increasing the impact Folk instruments have appeared in the distant of the noisy instruments. The applause of the past. It is believed that the first musical female performers created a unique, unique instruments were born in the XIII millennium BC. beauty. In such labor processes, people’s minds In the history of the family of musical were naturally occupied with melody, melody, instruments, percussion instruments first song. As a result of fruitful labor, songs began to appeared. The main reason for this is the creative emerge, and they were gradually passed from product of the labor of the most primitive people. mouth to mouth, from father to son, from mother Early primitive chambers tried to capture prey to daughter, and took a place in people’s hearts using a variety of hunting methods, even in the for a lifetime.[1] grief of feeding the animals. He left the log of the tree on top of the dried skin of the animals. The In the heart of ancient oriental culture, Uzbek skin hardened from the scorching heat. The next folk instruments were formed. They have time people came, they tried hard to get the skin, retained their distinctive features, the tone of but they couldn't. Then when he struck the type sound, over the centuries of development. Thus with his hand or with a stick or a stick, it made a dust, nay, surnay, tanbur, dutor, rubob, gijjak, loud and pleasant sound, and it was later called a kobiz came to us in traditional forms. CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICSISSN 98 – 2767-3278 https://masterjournals.com/index.php/crjp CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS 2(12): 98-105, December 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/pedagogics-crjp-02-12-20 ISSN 2767-3278 ©2021 Master Journals Accepted 18thDecember, 2021 & Published 23thDecember, 2021 During the period of slavery, there were One of the peculiarities of the culture of medieval Marakand, Nisa, Toprakkala, Termez and other music performance was that instrumentalists not cities. During the excavations in the territory of only played several types of musical instruments, these cities were found artifacts, images of but also composed music themselves. The various instruments. Slavery was an important musicians were also mature musicians and poets stage in the development of the culture of the of their time. Musical in medieval conditions i. peoples of Central Asia. As folk music grew, so Here the teacher-student tradition was settled did the instruments. and developed. At the same time, the ensemble's performance improved, the main forms of Archaeological expeditions in the 30s and 40s of musical art were formed, and new samples of the twentieth century (led by S.L. Tolstov, V.A. musical instruments were discovered. Vyatkin, M.B. Masson and others) provided valuable information. The found cultural The theoretical views of Eastern scholars were monuments depict various musical instruments: formed on the basis of existing experience in the tanbur, rubab-shaped instruments, kanun, ud, performing arts, and in their treatises they nay, surnay, karnay, circular instruments.[2] provided detailed information about the role and importance of music in society. Farobi’s (873- Folk instruments have become an integral part of 950) “Great Book of Music” (“Kitab al-musiqa al- the life and work of the people of Central Asia. kabr”), Abu Ali ibn Sina’s (980-1037) “Book of Accompanied by instruments, songs, games and Healing” (“Kitab ush-shifo”) encyclopedia , al- melodies are performed at large ceremonies, Khwarizmi’s “Key to Knowledge” (10th century), family and seasonal celebrations. The holidays Sayfuddin Urmavi’s (1216-1294) “Book of were more associated with the seasons. Seasonal Nobility” or “Book of Sharafiya”, Jami’s (1414- holidays such as Navruz, Lola Sayli, Harvest 1492) “Booklet on Music” about music Holiday, Melon Sayli, Uzum Sayli are widespread performance and folk instruments data are in Central Asia. It is hard to imagine such public described.[4] holidays without folk instrument ensembles, singers and musicians, and dancers. Trumpets, Sayfuddin Urmavi is known as a talented oud trumpets, doira, drums and percussion player,