ROLE OF ANALOGY METHOD IN FORMING THE COMPETENCE OF FUTURE TEACHERS

Аннотация

In this work, for the first time, the possibility of using the analogy method in solving scientific and pedagogical problems in the light of personnel training is analyzed. It is shown that the use of analogy is useful for quick assimilation of educational material and in solving physical problems. In particular, the possibility of using the concepts and methods of geometric optics in the design of electrical devices by analogy with the corresponding optical instruments is shown. KEYWORDS: - Formation of competencies, government program, radical reform of education, renewal of knowledge, dynamic analogies, mechanics, optics. paradigm of education should be revised from I NTRODUCTION the standpoint of competent approach [1,2]. The government program adopted in our country The formation of competencies is one of the substantiates the need for its radical reform, areas of modernization of general education. shows the strategic directions of development The modern student of higher education must and the main expected results. not only master certain knowledge, skills and abilities, he must be able to accept the knowledge The new paradigm of education should be gained in his activities, in some non-standard focused on the formation of needs for constant situations. replenishment and renewal of knowledge, improvement of skills and abilities, their The competence of student presupposes the consolidation and transformation into manifestation of whole spectrum of his personal competencies. In particular, the knowledge qualities in relation to the competence. “The CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICSISSN 30 – 2767-3278 https://masterjournals.com/index.php/crjp CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS 2(12): 30-35, December 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/pedagogics-crjp-02-12-07 ISSN 2767-3278 ©2021 Master Journals Accepted 10thDecember, 2021 & Published 15thDecember, 2021 concept of competence includes not only As methodological device and tool for scientific cognitive and operational-technological research, analogy was the subject of serious components, but also motivational, ethical, social interest on the part of Maxwell [7, 8]. J. Maxwell and behavioral”, i.e. competence is always compared the classical theory of colored by the qualities of particular student. electromagnetism created by him with the These qualities can be whole fan - from semantic hydrodynamics of incompressible fluids and and associated with goal-setting (why do I need emphasized the importance of this approach in this competence), to reflexive-evaluative (how science: “To form physical concepts, get used to successfully I apply this competence in life). the existence of physical analogies. By physical analogy, I mean that particular similarity Studies on analogies are of great importance in between the laws of any two fields of science, the formation of the competencies of future thanks to which one of them is an illustration for physicists because they lead to the mutual the other. " In the future, it was precisely the enrichment of different disciplines, and also analogy that was destined to play an outstanding allow us to see the general physical laws that role in Maxwell's research on the theory of underlie seemingly different phenomena [3,4]. electromagnetism. The analogies that exist Historically, one of the origins of quantum between electrical, mechanical, acoustic and mechanics was the parallels established by other oscillatory systems have long been Hamilton between geometric optics and successfully used by physicists and technicians. mechanics. These forgotten analogies were K.Maxwell [7] developed the theory of the attracted by de Broglie [5] into modern physics electromagnetic field using analogy as method of and with their help the first steps of quantum scientific research. The following Table 1 shows (wave) mechanics were made. E. Schrödinger [6] the analogy between the quantities of mechanics in the construction of quantum mechanics was and electrodynamics. based on the optical-mechanical analogy of Hamilton. Table 1. Analogy between the quantities of mechanics and electrodynamics Mechanics Electromagnetism Stream Current power The linear velocity of the vortex Magnetic field strength The average speed of the vortex Magnetic susceptibility The kinetic energy of vortex 's Magnetic field energy rotational motion Elasticity constant Dielectric singularity On this basis, he derived the following equations: r r E 4, B0 CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICSISSN 31 – 2767-3278 https://masterjournals.com/index.php/crjp CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS 2(12): 30-35, December 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/pedagogics-crjp-02-12-07 ISSN 2767-3278 ©2021 Master Journals Accepted 10thDecember, 2021 & Published 15thDecember, 2021 r r r 1B r 1E 4r or E  , B  j (1) c t c t c r r r here  - nabla operator, E, B - electric and magnetic field voltage vector, c - speed of light in vacuum, j - current density. Based