THE IMPORTANCE OF THE STRATIGRAPHIC LAYER IN TOPONYMICS

Аннотация

Although the science of toponymy has been formed independently, it has interacted with a number of subjects during its development, and this process is still ongoing. Because Toponyms are studied by many disciplines from different perspectives. Philologists study the rules of their formation in the form of rare words, linguists study the etymological aspects, historians study the period of formation of toponyms and the conditions of that period, and ethnographers study the features of the formation of toponyms in interaction with different customs and lifestyles they learn. KEYWORDS: - Toponymy, stratigraphic layer, science, research, toponymic zoning. cultural strata, whether they lie in an inter- I NTRODUCTION periodic order or vice versa. The word stratigraphy comes from the Latin There are also opportunities to use the method «stratum» layer grafo - I write. Stratigraphic, of stratigraphic analysis in the study of layer study is used in many disciplines. For toponymy. This is because the features of the example, in the science of geology, rocks study emergence of toponymic terms are also the interrelationships of lithological strata, rocks, supposedly formed by the formation of certain and their geographical distribution over time. inter-periodic layers, such as rocks. By studying The main tasks of stratigraphy are to study the the intergenerational properties of these layers, position of rocks, regardless of their genetic type, it is possible to analyze toponyms, their the conditions of their formation, as well as the composition, features of formation, the laws of laws of formation, the primary age. In nomenclature, in close connection with certain archeology, it serves to determine the age of natural-historical and political-economic CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICSISSN 61 – 2767-3278 https://masterjournals.com/index.php/crjp CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS 2(12): 61-67, December 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/pedagogics-crjp-02-12-13 ISSN 2767-3278 ©2021 Master Journals Accepted 15thDecember, 2021 & Published 20thDecember, 2021 conditions. The implementation of this process mark on the territory of Uzbekistan. According to will be more reliable if it is carried out through S. Karaev, the term Bakhshi means kalandar in the study of indirect scientific literature, written Sanskrit. But such toponyms are very few. Thus, sources. However, it is not always possible to use the most ancient toponyms in the territory of the the scientific literature to reveal the etymological republic appear as terms whose meaning is not content of ancient toponyms. Because the lack or clear. non-availability of literature does not allow it. In Sugdi layer. This layer is composed of terms from this context, the importance of stratigraphic the Sogdian core, the meaning of which can be layer analysis is further enhanced. understood clearly, and sometimes in a T somewhat vague way. Sogdian-speaking peoples HE MAIN FINDINGS AND RESULTS lived in the valleys of Zarafshan and Analysis of the geography of toponymic terms in Kashkadarya, and even in the Middle Ages, these the country shows that the more ancient the lands were called Sogdiana or Sughd. The toponyms, the more uncertain their etymology, Sogdians spoke a dialect typical of the Umeron the structure of the core has changed and the languages. The etymology of the word Sogdian content can be understood only by specialists means "to shine, to shine". This is exactly the due to various historical and social influences. meaning of the term Zarafshan (Dice, meaning a Therefore, the content of the oldest toponymic gold digger). In ancient dictionaries, such as terms in the territory of the Republic is covered Giyas al-Lughat, the lowland where water by some approximate assumptions, or remains accumulates is called Sugd. (S.Qoraev-1978, p. completely abstract. 116). Hence, the term Sogdiana literally means a well-irrigated land. In Sogdiana, agriculture, The meaning of the most ancient toponyms such animal husbandry, handicrafts, martial arts, as Bukhara, Samarkand, Khorezm is revealed on science and art are highly developed, which is the basis of such assumptions. For example, the reflected in the toponyms of the Sogdian areas. term Bukhara is purely Turkish and is named For this reason, especially in the Zarafshan, after a ruler of the Turkic tribe named Kashkadarya, and even Khorezm oases, we often Bukharakhudat. But from a logical point of view, encounter toponyms with a Sogdian core (see the Sanskrit notion that Vihara suddenly Table 1, pages 35-36 of this book). However, it is appeared in a hand inhabited by Turks or natural that in the process of determining the Sogdians is somewhat controversial. Hafiz Tanish etymology of toponyms in this group, there is Bukhari, a 16th-century historian, gives such an some confusion in the process of determining the idea about the toponym "Bukhara". The word etymology of toponyms in this group. Probably, "Bukhara" is der