Эпизотология эймериоза (кокцидоза) кроликов, лечение и профилактика.

Аннотация

This article presents scientific data on the effectiveness of drugs that are currently used in the treatment of eimeria in rabbits, which have been demonstrated in experiments with antiparasitic and anti-inflammatory effects on the tissues of spontaneously infected rabbits. And the results of scientific research on epizootology, diagnostics and measures to counteract rabbits contained in our republic. Keywords: Rabbit, eimeriosis, oocyst, invasion, parasitological method, coprological method, extensiveness, intensity, eimeriostatic, intracox oral, furazolidone. Introduction. In recent years, in our country, special attention has been paid to the development of animal husbandry, in particular rabbit breeding, which is one of the small branches of animal husbandry. To do this, special programs are being developed and a number of facilities for industry representatives are being created. One of the important steps in this direction was the state registration of the Association of Rabbit Breeders of Uzbekistan by the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Uzbekistan on December 12, 2018 No. 859. Taking into account the current trends in healthy eating and the recommendations of the World Health Organization on the norm of dietary consumption of meat, it should be noted that 5% of meat is consumed per year, that is, 4.5 kg of rabbit meat. Based on this, we can say that in the markets of our country there is a demand for 150,000 tons of rabbit meat per year. Relevance of the topic. Currently, rabbit breeding in the country is at an early stage of development, and there are not many people involved in this profitable business. They also lack knowledge and skills. Therefore, it is important to intensify educational work in this area, develop rabbit breeding at an industrial level and form the fodder base of the industry. When performing these urgent tasks, there is a risk of certain parasitic diseases in rabbits, and the introduction of effective methods of their prevention and treatment into production is a necessity for this industry. Because parasitic diseases of rabbits in our country are practically not studied by researchers. 602 © ICAS 2022 Ann. For. Res. 65(1): 602-607, 2022 ANNALS OF FOREST RESEARCH DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7213307 https://www.e-afr.org/ The amount of protein in rabbit meat is higher than in lamb, beef and pork. By the content of vitamins and minerals, it surpasses almost all types of meat. The content of vitamins, macro- and microelements in rabbit meat cannot be compared with any other type of animal meat (table 1). Table 1 The chemical composition of rabbit meat Energy value of 100 Percentage of body weight (%) Body parts g of meat, kcal. Water Protein Fat Ash Thigh – shin 70,30 21,21 5,83 2,66 140,31 Shoulder blade – 71,39 20,43 4,87 3,31 122,05 shoulder Waist – coccyx 71,05 19,96 6,98 2,01 147,14 Neck-chest 71,95 18,76 5,42 3,87 124,82 long fibrous muscle 71,03 22,10 4,10 2,77 125,53 Purpose and objectives of the study. The main purpose of the study is to determinate and analyze the epizootology of eimeriosis (coccidiosis) in rabbits, and to develop therapeutic and preventive measures. Our research was conducted in the Pastdargom and Urgut districts of the Samarkand region. Experimental, microscopic, parasitological, scatological and statistical methods were used during the research. Research results. Initially, the presence of eimerium oocyst was determined in the faecal samples of the examined rabbits, and then the study was continued. As a result of the study and analysis of the epizootology of eimeriosis (coccidiosis) of rabbits, it was found that 70 out of 155 rabbits grown at the State Unitary Enterprise "Guzalkent Dostoni" are infected with eimeriosis, the prevalence of invasion was 45.1%, out of 225 rabbits bred at the private enterprise "Maxudabonu business service" of the Urgut district, 80 were diagnosed with eimeriosis, the extensive invasion was 35.5% (Table 2). Table 2 The results of a coprological study of eimeriosis in rabbits Extensiveness of Number of invasion Name of the farm Check method rabbits number percent SUE "Guzalkent 155 coprological 70 45,1 Dostoni" PE "Maxsudabonu 225 coprological 80 35,5 business service" 603 © ICAS 2022 Ann. For. Res. 65(1): 602-607, 2022 ANNALS OF FOREST RESEARCH DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7213307 https://www.e-afr.org/ Thus, the prevalence of invasion in both farms averaged 40.3%. Antiparasitic drugs effective against eimeriosis have been tested for the treatment and prevention of eimeriosis in rabbits. For comparison, we studied the eimeriostatic effects of “Intracox oral” (Interchemie werken “De Adelaar” B.V.Metaalveg Nederland) and the eimeriostatic effects of furazolidone. For the experiment, rabbits with a spontaneous disease of eimeriosis and a high intensity of invasion were selected, which were divided into 4 groups according to the rule of analogues: 1 - healthy control group; 2 patients in the control group; 3-4 were divided into experi