Roblems of dental implantation

Аннотация

At the present stage of development of dentistry, dental implantation occupies a leading position in the system of complex rehabilitation of patients with defects in the dentition. However, there are many problems in dental implantology. This article presents a review of the scientific literature on risk factors for the development of early and late complications in dental implantation. Absolute and relative contraindications, as well as early complications arising from the placement of a dental implant, are considered. Among the late complications, the main ones were identified - mucositis and peri-implantitis. The risk factors for their development are described in detail: the patient's smoking; iatrogenic causes; osteoporosis; the presence of a microgap between the dental implant and the suprastructure; non-compliance with oral hygiene; a history of periodontitis; absence of keratinized gums, etc. The importance of the participation of each factor in the development of the pathological process, which reduces the duration of the implant functioning, is shown.