Mproving the efficiency of treatment of patients with chronic generalized periodontitis with platelet – rich plasma

Аннотация

Inflammatory diseases of the periodontal tissues (IDD) occupy a high position among dental diseases, this is confirmed by the results of the WHO study, which noted that about 98% people in the world suffer from CDD. The success of treatment with conventional methods is extremely low, often there is the transition of acute inflammatory processes into subacute and chronic ones, the recovery processes are difficult, which causes an increasing 16 Международная научная-практическая конференция interest in non-drug methods of treatment. The article presents the analysis of the effectiveness of the modern Plasmolifting method. This is an injection method where the patient's own plasma is used, obtained from the patient's blood, platelet-rich plasma, which accelerates the natural regeneration processes. Compared to other methods, it is non-toxic and is not immunoreactive, has an anti-inflammatory effect, and reduces pain and bleeding of the gums, with its help it becomes possible to reduce the period of restoration of periodontal tissues. Key words: platelet-rich plasma, PRP therapy, periodontitis treatment, Plasmolifting. Among dental diseases, periodontal disease (P), dental caries, and its complications are considered the most common. The result of an epidemiological survey of people of different ages in 46 regions of Central Asia (1999) showed that only 13.8% of the surveyed aged 35–44 had a healthy periodontium, and in the age group of 65 years and older persons with intact periodontium was practically not observed [1]. The development of periodontal disease is initiated by a number of local and general factors. RFP may occur under influence of both local factors (microorganisms, dental plaque, traumatic occlusion, excessive consumption of soft, processed foods, change in qualitative and quantitative composition of saliva, poor quality fillings, the presence of orthodontic and orthopedic constructions in the oral cavity, abnormal attachment of the frenulums of the lips and tongue, anomalies in the location teeth, small vestibule of the oral cavity, trauma), and the impact of local and general factors (malnutrition, physical inactivity, somatic pathology, metabolic disorders, immunological, hormonal, vascular and metabolic changes, hypoxia and chronic intoxication) against the background of changes in the reactivity of the body. The division into general and local factors is conditional since there is no general reaction without local influence and the local reaction of the body. The action of predominantly general factors contributes to the development of generalized forms of periodontal disease. According to most scientific researchers, the main etiological factor in the development of inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissue is the bacterial flora of the dental plaques. However, the state of the protective and adaptive mechanisms of the body plays an important role in the activation of its damaging effect [2]. The occurrence of periodontitis is facilitated by such microorganisms as: Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema den ticola, Tannerella forsythensis (Bacteroides forsythus), Fusobacterium spp., and others, they are considered "marker" microorganisms of periodontitis. Dental plaque is a microbial biofilm that is firmly attached to the surface of teeth and prostheses. In biofilm microbial associations are arranged in the form of an extracellular matrix consisting of substances of organic and inorganic origin. The microbial flora of the dental plaque is very complex, because over 500 different species of bacteria were found in the dental plaque samples. Biofilm microorganisms are not in a passive state but in constant interaction. One of the main advantages of biofilm is the stability of the effects of antimicrobial drugs [3]. The data of the medical examination (primary data) are statistically processed and the correlation-regression relationship between the studied parameters is determined. Based on the results obtained, a mathematical model of the problem under study is compiled. This makes it possible to study the objective and subjective causes of the development of the disease under study. Periodontitis is a polyetiological disease, despite the introduction into the practice of all new methods for examining patients with diseases of periodontal tissues, problems with diagnostics and complex treatment at the present time remain relevant. Among the conservative methods of treatment of inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissues currently, numerous preparations and their combinations appear. According to the indications, drug therapy is carried out in combination with physical methods (drug electrophoresis, darsonvalization, fluke tuorization, light therapy, and ultrasound therapy). Use drugs for local and general effects (antibacterial drugs: antiseptics, antibiotics, sulfonamides, antifungals, etc.; anti-inflammatory drugs: non-steroidal series, steroid, enzymes, proteinase inhibitors.; anabolic dru