Scientific and theoretical analysis of the right to use forest land

Аннотация

This article on the basis of new definitions, improvement of regulatory documents and their analysis reveals suggestions and comments on the development of new legislation related to the use of forest lands. It also analyzes the most important issues that will serve the further development of the theory of land law. In terms of environmental law researched the legal regulation of legal protection and use of forest lands, the role and importance of forest lands in the system of natural resources, the origin of the right to protect and use forest lands in the context of research, legal relationship related to compliance the norms, the content of the norms aimed at regulating them, essence and problems of application in practice, management system in the field of forest fund land use and protection, powers of governing bodies, as well as the issue of legal liability for violations of the legislation on the use of forest lands. 1.Introduction The beginning of the third millennium is marked by two important trends. First, modern civilization has faced global environmental challenges (climate change, deforestation, ozone depletion, scarcity and pollution of fresh drinking water, loss of soils and biodiversity, waste generation and the problem of disposing of them). Second, the world is changing at a rapid pace. It is therefore impossible to objectively assess the current situation by yesterday’s criteria. Forests are one of the most common geographical landscapes on the planet’s surface. Globally, about 29% of the land area, or more than 3,700 million hectares, is occupied by forests, of which about one-third are farmed, and the rest is located on non-productive or difficult-to-produce land. About 80% of the forests are 63 situated in Latin America, Russia, Africa and North America, while the rest are in Asia, Europe, Australia and Oceania. [1]. The forestry of our country is distinguished by the abundance and diversity of flora, including unique ornamental and fruit trees, as well as medicinal plants. Today, more than 300 species of plants and more than 180 species of animals of the forest fund are included in the Red Book [2]. During the years of independence, as a result of the implementation of fundamental reforms in the field of forestry in Uzbekistan, the volume of forest land in the country has increased significantly. Today, the volume of lands of the state forest fund is 25.2% of the total land area of the republic. In addition, the material and technical base of the industry is physically and spiritually outdated and insufficiently modernized, the work of attracting grants from international financial institutions and donor organizations is slow, the lack of highly qualified specialists in this field, the practical significance of some norms of forest legislation and lack of the implementation mechanisms are causing difficulties in the development of the sector, the reproduction, protection and efficient use of forests. Forests are a source of fresh water, soil and air moisture, timber, by-products, fruits, medicinal and food plants. Forests help to preserve and increase flora and fauna, mitigate climate change, prevent the risk of cliffs in the mountains, solve the problem of water scarcity, as well as has great importance in prevent the catastrophic consequences of floods, combat soil erosion, stop the movement of sand in desert areas, prevent wind erosion, improving the reclamation condition (salinization, desertification, etc.) increasing pasture productivity. Most importantly, has particular importance in improving the environmental situation and preventing its negative consequences and ending them. In the last three years, if we focus on the development trends of forest (plant) legislation, about 30 normative legal acts have been adopted. In particular, the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On Forests" (new edition), Resolutions of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On the organization of the State Committee of Forestry of the Republic of Uzbekistan", "On additional measures 64 to increase forest use in the Republic", The concept of development of the forestry system in the Republic of Uzbekistan until 2030, the resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers "On measures to further improve the financing of forestry development." They are, of course, aimed at regulating issues related to the formation of modern forest legislation, the legal regulation of biodiversity and its protection. 2. Materials and methods Philosophy on the right to protect and use forest lands, economic and legal doctrines, the interdependence of subjectivity and objectivity in the regulation of social relations, taking into account the environmental factor in the socio- economic development of society. In writing this article, the author used methods such as comparative-legal, logical analysis, generalization of practical materials. The problems associated with the research in the context of this article have been studied