Персидский газетный язык

Аннотация

Newspaper-journalistic style has specific features and the main task of the materials of this style is to report certain information to certain positions; thereby achieving the desired effect on the reader or listener. The content of the newspaper and informational messages is different in that here we are talking about events that are available for a broad understanding of the layers of non-specialists, directly or indirectly related to their lives and interests. Keywords and expressions: practice translate, newspaper language, newspaper-pub- licity style, functional style, abbreviation, neologisms. Аннотация. Мазкур мақола форс тили газета тилининг баъзи хусусиятлари ҳақида маълумот беради. Унда газетанинг асосий қисмини ташкил этувчи қис- қартма, неологизм, ўзлашма каби грамматик ҳодисалар ёритилган. Таянч сўз ва иборалар: функционал услуб, публицистик услуб, газета тили, қис- қартмалар, метафорик модель, неологизм, ўзлашмалар. Аннотация. Статья посвящена анализу некоторых особенностей языка газеты в персидском языке. В ней освещен ряд грамматических явлений: неологизмы, аббревиа- туры, заимствования, которые составляют главную часть газеты персидского языка. Опорные слова и выражения: функциональные стили, публицистический стиль, язык газеты, речевые стереотипы, аббревиация, метафорические модели, неологиз- мы, заимствования. Newspaper Language, as one of the functional style of speech has repeatedly drawn the attention of many scientists. Uzbek linguistists E. Begmatov, A. Ma- matov, A. Boboev, A. Abdusaidov, D. Teshabaeva, P. Rustamov, K. Yusupov, Sh. Rahmatullaev, S. A. Mukhammedov, A. Abdusaidov, I. Toshaliev, P. Abdu- 43 ORIENTAL STUDIES / SHARQSHUNOSLIK / ВОСТОКОВЕДЕНИЕ 2017, № 4 sattorov, D. Sagdullaev, I. Azimova, Sh. Abduraimova, N. Kadirov; Russian lin- guistists V. G. Kostomarov, G. Y. Solganik, B. S. Vinogradov, N. M. Firsov, A. V. Sinyavsky, N. N. Kurchatkin, A. N. Kojin, M. N. Kojina, O. A. Krylov, V. V. Odintsov, Y. S. Stepanov, K. L. Popok, G. V. Gorelova, A. N. Vasilyev and others made scientific research. Nowadays also Iran scientists interested in the newspaper and publicistic style of speech. This aspect of the work is devoted to a series of practical and theoretical scientists and methodologists. First of all, it thanks to Hasan Zulfikari, Tibe Mansouri Shod, Zaynab Mohammadi. The main directions in the development of modern Iranian mass media were determined after the victory of the Islamic Revolution in 1979, when the Iranian journalism has entered in a new period of its evolution. With great changes in the field of ideology, politics and economy of the country, most of newspapers and magazines had stopped its being because of lacking the materials and political and ideological reasons. However, the most popular and main newspapers “Ettelā'āt” (“News”) and “Keyhān” (“Universe”) are continued its pressing. Now press in Iran is under the control of the authorities. The largest daily newspapers of the country are under full control of the government. Major Iranian newspaper “Keyhān”, “Ettelā'āt”, “Abrār”, “Resālat”, “Jomhori-ye eslāmi” are published in Tehran. About 80% of all periodicals are published in Persian, 20% – in English, Arabic and others. The subjects of Iranian newspapers include a number of sections, such as social news and local events. Iran and culture, international events, sports, etc. In general, the theme of the newspaper can be divided into 5 categories: politics, economy, culture, sports and social life. And each of these sections are different from each other using a kind of vocabulary and grammatical categories. In this article, we analyze the lexical and grammatical features of political subject. For newspaper and publicistic style characterized by a desire to create a specific fund, inherent to a greater extent only that style of language means. Through this rese- arch, it is observed that most of the studied linguistic uniqueness of our style is mani- fested in the lexical level. In general, the newspaper lexicon is heterogeneous. It inclu- des a large number of literary words (typical of the artistic style). But some categories of lexical units are particularly typical only for the language of the press. There are considered some lexical peculiarities of publicistic style in Persian as a part of research. These are abbreviations, neologisms, metaphorical models and borrowings. Accuracy formulation is characterized for newspaper-publicistic style. Their text is accurate, concise, and specific. This style is characterized by the use of stereotypes which is typical for this style of speech. For example, when sending politicians applications commonly used verb word form [goft] “said”, [ešāre kard] “have”, [e'lâm kard] “declared”, “announced”, [ezhâr-e alāqe kard] “expressed interest” [ezhār-e omidvāri nemud / kard] “hoped”, [afzud] “added”, [ta'kid varzid / kard] “stressed”, “said”, [ezhār-e 44 ORIENTAL STUDIES / SHARQSHUNOSLIK / ВОСТОКОВЕДЕНИЕ 2017, № 4 tamay