Comparative Analysis and Teaching Prediction of Chinese and Uzbek Adverbs

Аннотация

At present, there are few studies on Uzbek adverbs in Chinese academic circles. This article is the first to make a comparative study of Chinese and Uzbek adverbs. This paper adopts four steps of "comparative analysis". Firstly, it gives a comparative overview of adverbs in Chinese and Uzbek. Secondly, the Chinese and Uzbek adverbs of "negative and affirmative adverbs", "degree adverbs", "scope adverbs", "time adverbs", "modal adverbs" and "frequency adverbs"are selected for comparison. Specifically, according to the Outline of Chinese Proficiency Examination, several groups of common Chinese adverbs are selected for comparison with Uzbek adverbs. Generally speaking, Chinese adverbs are rich in subdivisions, and their usages vary. The usage and meaning of the same adverb may be different in different contexts. Uzbek adverbs are usually derived from root and suffix, and their usage and meaning are generally fixed. Uzbek adverbs have a "level" nature, and some adverbs can be used alone. Finally, based on the similarities and differences between Chinese and Uzbek adverbs, the problems that Uzbek-speaking learners may have in the acquisition of Chinese adverbs are predicted, and relevant teaching suggestions are proposed. Keywords and expressions: Chinese;Uzbek; adverb; comparative analysis; teaching strategy Introduction. The so-called "contrast analysis" refers to a method of linguistic analysis that compares the systems of the two languages to reveal their similarities and differences. In 1957, Lado pointed out in the book Intercultural Linguistics that projects that are similar to the learner's mother tongue are easier for them, and it is difficult to learn from their different mother tongue projects (Liu Xun, 2000). Therefore, a systematic comparison of the two languages can predict where the learner may or may not have difficulty in learning the target language, thus adopting more effective second language teaching measures in the teaching. The process of comparative analysis generally has four steps: description, selection, comparison, and prediction. At present, there are few studies on Uzbek adverbs in China. This paper is the first to make a comparative study of Chinese and Uzbek adverbs. Because the meaning of Chinese adverbs is not as concrete as that of real words, their usage is flexible and changeable, and Chinese adverbs have different characteristics from other language adverbs, it is difficult for second language learners to acquire Chinese adverbs. According to the Outline of Chinese Proficiency, this paper chooses several groups of common Chinese adverbs to compare with Uzbek adverbs, analyses the similarities and differences between Chinese and Uzbek adverbs, and then predicts the possible problems in the teaching of Chinese adverbs for Uzbek students, and puts forward relevant teaching strategies. 2. The overview of the comparison between Chinese and Uzbek adverbs 95 SHARQSHUNOSLIK / ВОСТОКОВЕДЕНИЕ / ORIENTAL STUDIES 2019, № 4 Chinese and Uzbek adverbs are generally used to modify verbs, adjective words,and indicating the degree, scope, time and other meanings of the parts of speech. Their usage is generally similar, can be used as adverbials, generally used to answer "how", "where", "when", "what degree" . Now let's focus on the differences between Chinese and Uzbek adverbs: There are more subdivisions of Chinese adverbs than Uzbek. Uzbek adverbs are generally divided into four categories: state adverbs, position adverbs, time adverbs and degree adverbs(Guli·Baumu, 2016). In addition to the above four types of adverbs, Chinese adverbs can also be divided into positive adverbs, negative adverbs, scope adverbs, mood adverbs and frequency adverbs (Huang Borong, Liao Xudong, 2007). In general, Chinese adverbs are more abundant than Uzbek adverbs. Chinese mainly relies on word order and function words to express the position and grammatical function in sentences. Chinese adverbs are independent words, while Uzbek language relies on suffixes to express the grammatical function. Uzbek adverbs are usually derived from root and suffix. Therefore, when many Uzbek adverbs are translated into Chinese, they are not individual adverbs, but phrases. For example: oldinda（在…前面）、pastda（在下面）、tikkach（缝完…之后）, these words are adverbs in Uzbek, but in Chinese they are not adverbs, but as phrases in the sentence as adverbial. Uzbek adverbs have the nature of comparative level, such as: sekin (slow) - sekinroq (very slow) -eng sekinroq (the slowest), while in Chinese there are adverbs " 很（hěn）" and "非常（fēi chánɡ）"which means "very", but these words are used alone as adverbs before adjectives . For example,"很慢(very slow)"，"很（hěn）"is an adverb，"慢 (màn )"is an adjective.In Uzbek, "sekin" is an adverb, but in Chinese, "慢 (màn )" is an adjective. Some adverbs in Uzbek can be used in overlapping, while in Chinese there are overlapping verbs and adjectives, but no adverbs overlap. For example, in Uzbek, kula- kula（笑笑），q