Effect of antibacterial photodynamic therapy in the treatment of pyoinflammatory diseases of the maxillofacial region in infants

Аннотация

The article presents an effect of antibacterial photodynamic therapy in the treatment of pyoinflammatory diseases of the maxillofacial region in infants. The data on the immune system of the child's body are taken into account when prescribing antibacterial photodynamic therapy. Treatment of purulent - inflammatory diseases of the maxillofacial region in children continues to be one of the most pressing problems of modern maxillofacial surgery. The number of cases of a sluggish protracted course of inflammatory processes with a tendency to chronicity and the development of complications has increased. This circumstance is explained by many reasons: the irrational use of antibiotics in the treatment of acute purulent inflammatory diseases of the maxillofacial region. Photodynamic antibacterial therapy is a new direction of the quantum effect of the optical range on biological tissues by stimulating a photosensitizer with the production of reactive oxygen species. Keywords: antibacterial photodynamic therapy, infants, pyoinflammatory diseases of the maxillofacial region. 1. Introduction Treatment of purulent - inflammatory diseases of the maxillofacial region in children continues to be one of the most pressing problems of modern maxillofacial surgery. The urgency of the problem is determined not only by the frequency of non-odontogenic inflammatory diseases in young children, but also by changes in the clinical course of the disease itself in recent years. Despite the development of new methods of combating purulent infection, the number of patients with inflammatory diseases has an aggressive tendency to increase and the appearance of formidable complications. The number of cases of a sluggish protracted course of inflammatory processes with a tendency to chronicity and the development of complications has increased. This circumstance is explained by many reasons: the irrational use of antibiotics in the treatment of acute purulent inflammatory diseases of the maxillofacial region. This led to a change in the qualitative composition of the microflora. A significant number of low-manifest, erased forms have appeared, leading to an erroneous opinion about the nature of the inflammatory process. At the same time, the course of inflammatory processes increased, giving complex complications. Recently, self- medication with antibacterial drugs at home has been observed, and this action is far from safe, which can lead to sad consequences for the patient. In conditions of insufficient body defenses, even the most modern antimicrobial therapy will not give the desired effect. All of the above convincingly suggests that the problem of treating acute purulent inflammatory diseases of the face in children is urgent and requires the development and implementation of new technologies. Photodynamic antibiotic therapy is a new direction of the quantum effect of the optical range on biological tissues by stimulating a photosensitizer with the production of reactive oxygen species. For the purpose of photodynamic effects, pigment-containing pharmacological preparations approved for clinical use were used: a solution of methylene blue and chlorophyll. In fig. 1-3 show the absorption spectra of methylene blue and chlorophyll from which it is clearly seen that the absorption maxima of methylene blue in the red region of the spectrum is in the region from 640 to 670 nm, and in the infrared two peaks from 820 to 830 nm and from 900 to 940 nm. The absorption maximum of chlorophyll is located in the red part of the spectrum 640 - 660 nm. 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志2021年13月第39卷第13期Chin J Ind Hyg Occup Dis， 2021，767-771 768 Thus, if we compare the emission spectra of the LED device and the absorption spectra of the pigments used, it should be noted that the maxima of the absorption spectra of both methylene blue and chlorophyll in the red part of the spectrum coincide with the maximum radiation of the LED device proposed for therapy, but the absorption spectrum of methylene blue is much more intense than the spectrum. chlorophyll, therefore, it should be expected that the antimicrobial photodynamic effect when using methylene blue will be significantly higher than chlorophyll. 2. MATERIALS and METHODS To achieve this aims, we examined and treated 64 children with odontogenic non-phlegmon of the maxillofacial region (aged 1 to 3 years). The children were divided into two groups: - control and - studied. Patients were admitted to the clinic on days 10-14 from the onset of the disease. On the day of admission to the hospital, all patients underwent general clinical examinations with blood tests. On the day of hospitalization, purulent foci were opened under anesthesia, the wound was washed with antiseptic solutions and drained. All patients underwent traditional complex drug treatment - antibiotics, desensitizing drugs, detoxification, symptomatic, restorative therapy. After the operation, the children of the control group underwent traditional dressi