SPECIFIC FEATURES OF THE APPLICATION OF FOREIGN EXPERIENCE IN THE INTERNAL AFFAIRS BODIES OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

Аннотация

The following areas of advanced foreign experience in ensuring the service activities of internal affairs officers were considered: the system of selection based on open and closed competitive examinations in the formation of personnel of internal affairs bodies, the practice of filling leadership positions in internal affairs bodies through elections, work on providing personnel aimed at training reserve personnel from among promising young people, the system of protecting the interests of internal affairs officers through trade unions. Also, the prospects for applying this positive experience in the internal affairs bodies of the Republic of Uzbekistan were determined. Keywords: internal affairs body, law, principle, selection, leadership position, employee, professional training. The effectiveness of the activities of the Internal Affairs bodies of the Republic of Uzbekistan directly depends on the quality of its employees. Therefore, high requirements are imposed on candidates for admission to the internal affairs bodies, since an employee of the internal affairs body has great powers and his actions affect both the freedom of the individual and the interests of the state. Unlike employees of many other institutions, employees of the internal affairs body are not considered a separate territorial or sectoral unit of the state, but rather as specific and general representatives of the state. In addition, the service of the internal affairs bodies is associated with constant stress and danger. Officially, the most important principle in the recruitment of police officers is the principle of "equal opportunity", proclaimed during the French Revolution in 1789. According to this principle, all citizens have equal rights to occupy state and municipal positions, provided they possess the necessary abilities and individual qualities. This principle is especially clearly reflected in US legislation: The Civil Rights Act of 1964, The Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, and The Rehabilitation Act of 19731. In particular, the legal basis of "equal rights" in the USA uses two approaches: protection against discrimination against citizens based on certain criteria (skin color, nationality, religion); legally prohibiting police authorities from administering discriminatory tests on citizens. The US government has developed and is implementing a number of programs to ensure the selection of high-quality candidates in accordance with applicable legal requirements. The essence of these programs is as follows: a) The Ministry of Internal Affairs offers specialized courses and training for members of minority groups to provide effective assistance in preparing for the selection process; 1 https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/civil-rights-act 316 NEW RENAISSANCE 2025 OKTABR INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 10 b) a group of experienced experts, paid and financed by private foundations, will conduct additional training for police academy teachers on the concept of "equal rights"2. In some countries, the public participates in staffing the services and divisions of the internal affairs bodies. According to T.M. Zanina and K.D. Rydchenko, almost all states in the USA have established independent civil services (commissions) that are engaged in the recruitment, selection and even appointment of police officers to some non-elected positions at the rank of ordinary and junior management. These associations also have the right to recommend police officers to senior management positions. Members of the commission conduct certification, consider complaints about the service process, monitor disciplinary issues, and monitor social and pension issues. The establishment of commissions falls within the competence of the relevant territorial head, and the composition of the commission cannot be changed for a period established by the charter of its activities3. On the basis of elections, leadership positions of internal affairs bodies are mainly filled, but this is done only in some countries. For example, in Switzerland, cantonal police chiefs and their deputies are elected, while in the United States, municipal police chiefs and sheriffs are elected, who represent the police authorities in rural and rural areas. However, the main method of filling the staff of the internal affairs bodies is the selection method. This method is considered the best, as it provides equal opportunities for candidates, guarantees fairness and helps reduce the possibility of abuse. Information about the competition, its location, terms, procedure, number of vacant positions and basic requirements for candidates is provided in advance through departmental publications and the media (including the Internet). As a positive experience in the field of appointment, one can cite the practice of the People's Republic of China. There, information about the appointment of a certain employee to a leadership position i