PRAGMATIC TRANSPOSITION IN LITERARY TRANSLATION

Аннотация

прогматическая транспозиция в литературном переводе означает учет прагматических аспектов языка в процессе перевода. Переводчик должен учитывать текст не только с грамматической и лексической точки зрения, но и его контекст, культурные особенности и намерения автора. Этот процесс помогает точно передать изначальный смысл и дух произведения, а также предоставляет читателю возможность понятьдругую культуру. Ключевые слова: литературный перевод,прогматическая транспозиция,процесс перевода,прагматическиеаспекты языка,контекст,культурные особенности. Aliterary translator deals with a text which involves linguistic, pragmatic and cultural elements. Ganesh Devy summarizes the characteristics of literary translation: expressive, connotative, symbolic, focusing on both form and content, subjective, allowing multiple interpretations, timeless and universal, using special devices to heighten the communicative effect and tendency to deviate from the language norms (Devy 112). Lindsey Gutt stresses that while translating a literary work one should preserve the style of the original text. In accordance with him, “this wider stylistic dimension of communication is, of course, of special interest to literary studies, and so it is not surprising that theorists concerned with literary translation have paid considerable attention to the preservation of the stylistic properties of texts” (Hatim 23). Pragmatic relations in literary translation are superimposed on semantic relations and play an equally important role in analyzing the original text and in producing an equivalent text in the target language. According to Komissarov and Koralova, words as semiotic signs are not indifferent label of objects, they may acquire definite implications, become associated with page74 INTERNATIONALJOURNALOF ARTIFICIALINTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue09,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai certain theories, beliefs, likes and dislikes, and people develop certain attitudes to them (Комиссаров 43). The pragmatic implications of the word are an important part of the meaning that produces a certain effect upon the receptor. Every act of speech communication is meant fora certain receptor as it is aimed to produce a certain effect onhim orher. In this respect “any communication is an exercise in pragmatics” (Riazi). Semantically equivalent messages do not necessarily mean the same thing to the source-and-target language receptors that is why pragmatics of the original literary text requires important changes in the transmitted message. The translator should be aware of whether the message is a statement of fact, a request, a command, an entreaty or a joke. Very often the sender’s communicative intent differs from what themessage seems to say. Pragmatic problems will be evident in case of applying pragmatic principles such as speech acts, presupposition, implicatures, deictic expressions and politeness formulae in translation. First, preserving the force of speech acts may be problematic. Mistranslating speech acts is due to the difference between the sense of the force of utterance, in other words locutionary and illocutionary acts. Politeness as a sociocultural phenomenon can be seen as one of the basic guidelines of human interaction. The goal of politeness can be described as reflecting or realizingthe social orinterpersonal relations designed tofacilitateinteraction byminimizingthe potential for conflict and confrontation inherent in human interchange. Studies examine various speech acts in different languages have provided valuable insights into culture- specific features of politeness and difficulties foreign language learners have in recognizing and adhering to the politeness norms of the target language. Polite requests are central to Levinson’s theory and the most frequently studies speech act in cross-cultural and interlanguage pragmatics (Levinson 66). It can be appropriate in both English and Russian to use the imperative Tell me as an opening request for information as in the following extract from The Dead, one of the short stories in Dubliners by James Joyce. Gabriel, a middle-aged friend of the family is about to start a conversation with theteenage Lily. E.g. -Tell me, Lily, he said ina friendly tone, do you still go toschool -O no,sir, sheanswered. I'm donewith schooling thisyear and more(Joyce 194). Translating implicatures may also cause problems. Some implied meaning is inferred beyond what is said. For example, the title of the novel Crooked House by Agatha Christie was translated into Russian as Кривой домишко where the additional lexical emotive implication of crookedness (wretchedness) was matched by emotive suffix -ишко, one of the numerous emotive suffixes so characteristic of the Russian lexical system. As for a deictic expression, in linguistics it refers to the phenomenon when understanding the meaning of certain words and phra