PRINCIPLES OF INDOOR LAND MANAGEMENT

Аннотация

Widespread anthropogenic land development in Uzbekistan in 1975-1980. It influenced the intensification of the processes of erosion and man–made soil disturbance, which led to a reduction of more than 300 thousand hectares of agricultural land and a deterioration in the soil and ecological situation of the country. The problem is aggravated by the fact that in the arid zone and the mountainous region of the Republic, the use of traditional methods of land reclamation and reclamation of soils disturbed by ravines and anthropogenic human activity. [1, p.4]. Scientific justification determining the effectiveness of anti–theft measures should take into account all aspects of economicactivity -economic, environmental and social. Keywords:Efficiency, cost, payback, economic, costs, development, land reclamation, measures, anti-erosion, enclosed, relief, land surface. Ravinedangerous places are ofgreat importance, therelief of which we call aset ofirregularities of the earth's surface, which is especially characteristic of the development of ravine formations. Depending on the nature of the terrain, the terrain is divided into flat, hilly and mountainous. [2, p.92]. Soil conservation agriculture and afforestation. New subtypes of man-made soils are formed on the planned surface of the infected area, represented by outcrops and embankments. The exposed area is characterized by dense build and low filtration capacity. The bulk surface is characterized by subsidence and potential suffusion hazard, loose profile and significant water permeability. Therefore, one of the alternative methods of agricultural use of enclosed lands is the indigenous reclamation of ravines. It provides for a set of reclamation techniques for the reconstruction of eroded lands in ordertocreate acultural background onthem. [3,p.7]. In general, the entire planned surface of the substrate soil has low fertility and minimal erosion resistance. Therefore, in the development of ravines for agricultural use, it becomes necessary to solve these inseparable tasks: preventing the manifestation of erosion processes and intensively increasing thefertility ofplanned lands. Soil conservation farming on the reclaimed surface area should be comprehensive, combining agro-forestry and hydro-reclamationtechniques to protect soilsfrom erosion. [4,p.236]. This method of ravine development is acceptable for a zone of loess deposits, since the rocks are characterizedbyrelatively high potential fertility interms ofagronomicproperties. Since ravines, especially “Mountainous" ones, can have different forms of relief in terms of genesis, morphology,and timeofformation (from ancient to modern). [5,p.95]. The development of ravines in ravines in dangerous places in the initial stages largely depends on the armor role of vegetation, which is determined by the amount of ground mass and roots. https://ijmri.de/index.php/jmsi volume 4,issue8,2025 75 These indicators in natural landscapes are determined by the biological type of vegetation, and for cultivated ones by the agrophone. But the soil–protective role of plants in conditions of natural moisture cannot be established regardless of taking into account the periods of vegetation development and the occurrence of erosive and dangerous precipitation. In our case, the soil protection capacity is calculated by dividing the projective coating by the maximum 20-minute erosion index ofprecipitation [6,p.92]. The development of ravines and the creation of a cultural background on them requires a scientifically based approach to thetechnological stages (A-B) ofsoil conservation agriculture. To develop backfilling and planning of enclosed lands in indigenous land reclamation, it is necessary to study the patterns of manifestation, growth and development of linear forms of erosion to identify theirmorphological and morphometric characteristics. Calculation of the amount of excavation work. The amount of excavation is directly proportional totheparameter (morphometry) ofthe ravine tothe intended slopeoftheslopes being excavated. To determine the parameters of the ravine, data on length, width and depth are collected. Its length is determined by measuring the bottom using a measuring tape. The average width (Vs.r.) is calculated as the half-sum of the width of the ravine at the top and the width of the bottom. The depth of ravines (H) in theinitial stages ofdevelopment can be determined by measuring the height of the cliff, and subsequently - the length (l), the steepness of the slopes (tga) according to theformula[7,p.93]. The width and depth of the gullies vary in profile. Therefore, measurements should be carried out in places where there is a clear difference between these indicators or through conventionally accepted equal segments 10,20,30......n, m. The fewer the segments, the more accurate the calculations of their parameters will be. Then the weighted average value of the depth and width oftheravine iscalculated according to