MODERN METHODS OF RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IMPROVEMENT IN CUSTOMS AUTHORITIES

Аннотация

This thesis examines the risk management system practices in the customs authorities of the Republic of Uzbekistan and proposes recommendations for its development based on modern methodologies. Keywords: Risk, risk management, foreign economic activity participants, risk management system, customs, risk identification, customs control. Today, the risk management system is recognized as a tool for optimizing customs control, preventing illegal activities, and accelerating trade flows. The customs system of Uzbekistan is also carrying out significant reforms in this direction. The expansion of the scope of risk management system usage serves to optimize existing requirements for trade facilitation, develop cooperation with the trade community, and creates necessary conditions to ensure balance between effective control and trade facilitation. In this regard, new approaches to optimizing the risk management system, the experience of risk management systems in foreign countries, and opportunities for their utilization have been studied. The essence and importance of risk management in customs authorities, modern methods of risk management, specific features of risk identification, mathematical models of risk management processes, and algorithms for classifying and evaluating customs risks based on multidimensional analysis of customs information have been researched by a number of scholars in our country, including A. Saidov, M.M. Xamrayev, A.O. Nazarov, X.B. Ro'zimetov, Sh.Sh. Shoha'zamiy, L.T. Pulatova, D.N. Sharipova, and appear in their scientific research and literature1.1 1 Saidov A.A. Methods of creating an automated management system of the State Customs Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan. // Technical sciences doctoral dissertation abstract. -- T.: 2015. -- 43 p.; Xamrayev M., Ruzmetov X., Nazarov A. Risk Management System. // Textbook. -- T.: 2020. -- 260 p.; Shoha'zamiy Sh.Sh. Financial Market and Securities. // Textbook. --T.: 2007. --- 281 p.; Pulatova L.T., Saidov A.A. Problematic issues of implementing risk management systems in phytosanitary and veterinary control at checkpoints across the customs border of the Republic of Uzbekistan; Sharipova D.N. Risk management in the personnel management system of customs authorities. -- 2016. ↩ 185 ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE International scientific-online conference In particular, M.M. Xamrayev, A.O. Nazarov, and X.B. Ro'zimetov in their textbook "Risk Management System" noted that the application of the "Risk Management" system aimed at selecting forms and methods of customs control implementation, creating favorable conditions for honest foreign economic activity participants with low risk levels, drastically reducing time and costs for customs formalities, and preventing corruption has become an integral part of customs control[4]. Furthermore, Professor Joshua Angrist, in economic analysis and statistical methods, particularly methodologies for determining causality, emphasizes the necessity of quality data and reliable analytical methods in making effective and informed decisions[5]. This is also important in risk management and policy decision-making. Thomas Cantens, in his research within the World Customs Organization (WCO) framework, defines risk as unknown or uncontrolled threats in the customs control process. He states that more effective results can be achieved through the use of big data and artificial intelligence technologies in risk management[6]. His research is dedicated to predicting customs risks and reducing them through profiling. By Presidential Decree PF-5414 of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated April 12, 2018, "On measures to fundamentally improve the activities of the state customs service bodies of the Republic of Uzbekistan"[7], the Customs Committee was tasked with developing and implementing an automated risk management system that envisages selective customs control of goods. For the purpose of further improving customs administration, simplifying customs procedures, increasing the efficiency of customs authorities' activities, ensuring compliance with customs legislation by foreign economic activity participants, encouraging honest entrepreneurs, and improving the investment environment in the country, Presidential Decree PF-5582 of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated November 24, 2018, "On additional measures to improve customs administration and increase the efficiency of the state customs service bodies of the Republic of Uzbekistan"[3] was adopted, introducing "yellow" and "red" channels in the automated risk management system from December 1, 2018, and "green" and "blue" channels from March 1, 2019. The risk management system was gradually implemented at border customs posts, including: 2020: automobile border customs posts 2021: railway and aviation border customs posts The risk management system for customs control of international courier shipments was piloted from April 21, 2025. 186 ACADEMIC RESEARCH I