PREVENTION OF PERIODONTAL TISSUE DISEASES ASSOCIATED WITH CANDIDIASIS.

Аннотация

Oral candidiasis is an inflammatory process that occurs due to infection of the body with Candida fungi. Usually, the fungus is activated when the body's defenses are reduced. Often, candidiasis affects small children, who often have relapses of the disease. The risk group includes smokers, men over 60, women of all ages. In recent years, the number of patients with candidiasis has increased significantly. The main reason for this trend is the irrational and uncontrolled use of antibiotics, which reduce the body's immune functions and disrupt the balance of microflora. Key words. Assimilation process, immunological markers, periodontal tissue diseases, immunohistochemical study, etiopathogenetic picture. Oral candidiasis is an inflammatory process that occurs due to infection of the body with Candida fungi. Usually, the fungus is activated when the body's protective functions are reduced. Candidiasis often affects small children, who often have relapses of the disease. In modern dentistry, this is a clinical and functional characteristic of diseases that develop as a result of caries; a complex of dental and physiotherapeutic interventions for gum lesions; somatic treatment of patients notes literature; methods of disease prevention based on disorders of the respiratory system leading to disorders in the functioning of the respiratory system are proposed; methods of disease prevention leading to disorders in the functioning of the respiratory system are proposed [1,5]. In our country, targeted and practical measures are being implemented to reform the healthcare system and bring it into line with international standards, and effective methods of prevention, early diagnosis and comprehensive treatment of diseases of the oral mucosa are being developed. In this regard, the following tasks have been set: increasing the efficiency, quality and accessibility of medical care, as well as the formation of a system of medical standardization, the introduction of high-tech diagnostic and treatment methods. As a result of solving these problems, the introduction into practice of improving the 189 ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE International scientific-online conference treatment and prevention of periodontal diseases is one of the current scientific directions [2,4]. Opportunistic yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida are quite common on the oral mucosa [5, 6]. It has also been proven that they are isolated from the contents of the gingival sulcus and periodontal pocket, which leads to a change in the clinical picture of periodontitis, resistance to traditional therapy and an increase in the frequency of relapses [3, 7]. Candida have different sensitivity to the antifungal and antiseptic drugs used, which reduces the effectiveness of therapy for inflammatory periodontal diseases [4]. Etiotropic therapy for periodontitis involves the destruction of bacterial biofilm, for which mechanical and antibacterial methods of action are used. Since the structure of the biofilm does not allow drugs to penetrate into the plaque, antibiotics are used in treatment as a support, and not as a replacement for professional hygiene. Ultrasonic devices have properties that perfectly meet the requirements of periodontal therapy. Due to the cavitation effect, ultrasonic waves in a humid environment have an antimicrobial effect, and the rinsing solution removes a lot of bacteria from periodontal pockets. In everyday dental practice, it has long been possible to carry out effective and at the same time gentle therapy of periodontal diseases using the Vector ultrasound system (Durr Dental) [1, 2]. The clinical case demonstrates the treatment of Candida-associated periodontitis using modern ultrasound technologies. Patient G., 49, came for consultation to the Department of Therapeutic Dentistry of the ASMU. He complained of discomfort in the gums, bleeding, tooth mobility and discharge from periodontal pockets when pressing on the gums. From the anamnesis it was found out that he has been suffering from periodontitis for more than 5 years, and is constantly undergoing treatment by a periodontist. The disease worsens every six months, for which he receives a course of conservative treatment, including antibiotics. After the therapy, he notes a slight improvement. External examination was unremarkable, regional lymph nodes were enlarged, painless on palpation, the oral mucosa was pale pink, without visible pathological changes, moderately moist. The mucous membrane of the gum is stagnant-hyperemic (PMA 58%), soft plaque and tartar deposits were observed, OHI-S according to Green-Vermilion was 1.6 points. Also, pronounced bleeding was noted (SBI 70%) during probing of the gingival sulcus, which corresponds to grade III of the PBI index. 190 ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE International scientific-online conference When pressing on the gum, scanty whitish-turbid discharge from periodontal pockets of a non-purulent nature was detected (Fig.