LINGUISTIC ANALYSIS OF SEMANTIC EQUIVALENCE AND STYLISTIC CHALLENGES IN THE TRANSLATION OF PROVERBS RELATED TO KNOWLEDGE AND IGNORANCE

Аннотация

Juvenile delinquency, defined as illegal acts committed by minors, has become a growing concern in Uzbekistan. The rise in youth crime reflects broader social challenges, including lack of parental supervision and insufficient educational engagement. This article examines the relevance of the issue, emphasizes the need for preventive measures, and explores possible legal and social responses. It also considers international practices to offer insights for improvingjuvenilejusticein thecountry. Keywords: juvenile delinquency, preventive measures, justice, public safety, criminal behavior, minors,punishments, social programs. In recent years, juvenile crime has become one of the serious issues in Uzbekistan. The growing number of crimes committed by minors, especially theft, extortion, and violence, shows that this problem needs special attention. It is important because it affects both public safety and the futureofour young generation. There are many reasons why minors get involved in crime. Some of the main causes include problems in families, lack of proper care, poor living conditions, not attending school, and bad influence from friends or the internet. These factors can lead teenagers to break the law. That is why itis necessary to studythis issuecarefully and work onways to prevent it. Statistics confirm the urgency of the problem. In 2023 alone, nearly 3,600 minors aged 13 to 17 were registered for committing crimes. Compared to 2019, this number has increased by more than 4.4 times. The most common crimes were theft, extortion, intentional bodily harm, and even attempts at murder. The Fergana region recorded the highest number of juvenile offenders (700), followed byTashkent (545), Namangan (451), and Tashkent region (345). On the other hand, the lowest figures were seen in Jizzakh (54), Navoi (62), and Khorezm (66). A striking observation is that a large portion of juvenile offenders were students. This emphasizes the urgent need to strengthen moral education, psychological support, and extracurricular engagement within schools and colleges toprevent criminal behavior. Conversely, a smaller proportion of juvenile offenders were neither studying nor employed, with the Tashkent region showing the highest numbers in this category. These minors are particularly vulnerabledue tolack ofguidance, purpose, and economicsupport. 746 These figures clearly demonstrate the increasing scale and geographical spread of juvenile crime, making it a nationwideconcern. That is why understanding the causes and developing preventive measures is more important than ever. Originalarticle ISSN:3030-3931, Impact factor: 7,241 Volume 8,issue1,Iyun 2025 https://worldlyjournals.com/index.php/Yangiizlanuvchi worldly knowledge OAKIndex bazalari : research gate, research bib. Qo’shimchaindex bazalari:zenodo,open aire. googlescholar. According to the current legislation, criminal responsibility for minors is specifically regulated. If a person commits a crime before reaching the age of eighteen, special types of punishment are applied to them. The punishments that can be applied to minors are defined in Article 81 of the Criminal Code. It states that individuals who commit a crime before the age of eighteen can be sentenced to the followingmain punishments:  Fine;  Compulsory community service;  Correctional labor;  Restrictionof liberty;  Imprisonment. Additionally, minors cannot be given additional punishments, considering their age and psychological condition. Imprisonment for minors is explained in Article 85 of the Criminal Code. According to this article, if aperson commits acrime between theages of14and 16:  Fora serious crime –they may be sentenced toupto 6years,  Foran especially serious crime–upto 10years.  If thecrime is committed between the ages of 16and 18:  Fora serious crime –upto7years,  Foran especially serious crime–upto 10years of imprisonment. However, if the minor commits a crime that is not serious, has little social danger, or is committedthrough negligence, they are notsentenced to imprisonment. This shows that the law takes into account the age, level of development, living conditions, and otherpersonal factors when determining thepunishmentfor minors. In addition to legal measures, the issue of juvenile crime is also being addressed at the national level. In February 2024, the President of Uzbekistan, Shavkat Mirziyoyev, emphasized the importance of creating a kind of “immunity against crime” in children by raising them with a sense of patriotism. This idea promotes the development of young people with positive values andamindset that stays away from crime. As part of practical steps, the team of school inspector-psychologists was transferred from the Ministry of Internal Affairs to the National Guard, which has now begun working directly with students, monitoring school attendance, and identifying risks early. This helps prevent offences before they happen. ThePresident also highlighted severa