THE CURRENT STATE OF REGIONAL INTEGRATION IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES: ANALYSES AND CHALLENGES

Аннотация

This study analyzes the current state of regional integration in Central Asia through classical and modern integration theories. Using Balassa’s stages of integration, Tinbergen’s functionalism, and neofunctionalism, the research evaluates progress in trade, transport connectivity, and institutional cooperation. While initiatives such as the Samarkand European Union–Central Asia Connectivity Summit and the China-Central Asia Summit highlight growing economic and political ties, challenges remain in terms of infrastructure gaps, water resource disputes, and political diversity. Intra-regional trade has increased significantly, yet uneven economic development and security concerns hinder deeper integration. The findings suggest that Central Asia stands at a critical juncture, where sectoral cooperation and institutional strengthening could pave theway toward more sustainableand institutionalized integration. Keywords: Central Asia, regional integration, trade, transport connectivity, economic cooperation,Balassa theory