THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURAL INFRASTRUCTURE IN SURKHANDARYA REGION (1991–2021) AND ITS EDUCATIONAL SIGNIFICANCEN

Аннотация

This article highlights the development of agricultural infrastructure in Surkhandarya region during the independence years, focusing on irrigation, melioration, transport, and market facilities. It discusses how teaching these processes can enhance students’ analytical abilities and understanding ofeconomic reforms. Keywords : Agriculture, infrastructure, irrigation, market economy, Surkhandarya, methodology, analytical thinking. Introduction Surkhandarya region is one of the leading areas in Uzbekistan in terms of agricultural potential. During independence, water reservoirs, pumping stations, and irrigation networks were built, expanding cotton and wheat fields. Market infrastructure for farmers was also developed. Teaching these processes to students enriches their historical-economic knowledgeand sharpens theiranalytical abilities. Innovative agriculture: The adoption of climate-resilient varieties and modern irrigation methods can increase productivity by 20–30%, which provides strong material for analytical thinking in education (Bio-conferences, 2025). Agro-infrastructure in Uzbekistan: Development of cold storage, processing, and distribution facilities is a priority for rural regions. Teaching students to analyze these systems helps them connect infrastructure with economic outcomes (UNDP, 2024). Educational institutions: The Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers (TIIAME) has pioneered programs linki management with Among the candidate's dissertations devoted to the socio-economic and cultural life of the villages of Uzbekistan, the work of B.N.Uzakov, M.D.Hadzhievas should also be noted. In the research carried out by these authors, the main focus was also on the research of the social life of villages. In recent years, work on the topic of the history of villages can be attributed to the research of E.R.Tilaev, N.K. Kuvvatov and F.J.Yormatov. The dissertation of N.Kuvvatov is mainly devoted to the study of the socio-economic life of the villages of the Kashkadarya region in the Soviet period, while the dissertation of E.Tilaev reflects on economic development, social and spiritual and educational life of the population in the southern regions of Uzbekistan. At the same time, the system of social protection of the population in the southern regions was also reflected in the study of F.Yormatov. Of particular importance is the work of A.Mavrulov in the research of the history of the cultural sphere in the years of independence on the basis of a new theoretical methodology. During the years of independence, a number of other pamphlets and monographs were also created dedicated to the study of the history of the Soviet period of the social and cultural sphere. For example, in the Monographs of A.Hazratkulov and S.Tursunov, the work carried out in different directions of the social sphere during the Soviet period and their results were analyzed from a new theoretical methodology dotinazar. These works are among the first attempts of the Soviet https://ijmri.de/index.php/jmsi volume 4,issue7,2025 383 period to critically study theactivities ofthesocial sphere. The above-mentioned monograph by A.Hazratqulov describes the study of many problems of the social sphere in Uzbekistan in the 70s and 90s, as well as reflections on their elimination. S.Tursunov's monograph problems of improving housing and household conditions of rural people " is valuable for its involvement in the topic under direct study. The author thoroughly studied the activities of the rural housing and household service network and summarizes information about rural housing conditions in theconditions of Sovietrule. In theMonographs of M. Nurmuhammedova and Y.Ergasheva, issues in the cultural sphere and their solution are studied in the villages of Uzbekistan. In particular, the monograph of M. Nurmuhammedova reflects on the human factor and rural social development, cultural and whitening institutions, various folk holidays. In the historiography of the subject of cultural history, a special place is occupied by the monograph of the Yu.Ergasheva "Kultura Uzbekistana: tendentsii i problemi razvitiya". In this monograph, The History of almost all directions of the cultural sphere was studied in Uzbekistan in the 50-60 years of the 20th century. The author touches on the specific pros and cons of the lifeof Public Education, the system ofsecondary and higher education, science, literature and art, cultural and educational institutions and the media in Uzbekistan, in particular in the southern regions. Studies and literature created by representatives of the socio-humanitarian sphere, which analyzed various aspects of rural infrastructure, were introduced. The topic studied in the studies of T.Abdullaev, Z.Ismailova, I.Ramazonov, M. Eshmatov was analyzed from a philosophical point of view and summarized thoughts on the spiritual image of rural youth, socio-political and spiritual factors of updating the