ПРАВОСОЗНАНИЯ В РАЗНЫХ СТРАНАХ И ИХ ВЛИЯНИЕ НА ПРАВОВУЮ КУЛЬТУРУ

Аннотация

The article examines national models of legal consciousness in Germany, the United States, Japan, and Uzbekistan and their influence on the formation of legal culture. An interdisciplinary approach was used, including qualitative content analysis of publications and international indices, as well as analysis of national strategies for legal education. The results show that legal consciousness is shaped not only by the strength of institutions but also by historical traditions, legal socialization, and the level of trust in the state. In Germany, an institutional-normative model predominates with a high integration of law into everyday life. In the United States, a fragmented and pluralistic model is observed, combining respect for the law with a critical attitude toward its application. In Japan, a consensual model is formed, oriented toward maintaining social harmony. In Uzbekistan, a transitional model is manifested, where efforts to strengthen legal culture face the legacy of the Soviet system. The findings emphasize that effective enhancement of legal consciousness requires consideration of national models when developing reforms and educational programs. Keywords: legal consciousness, legal culture, trust in law, legal behavior, Germany, United States, Japan, Uzbekistan 2 72 International scientific journal ISSN: 2181-3906 «MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH» 2025 VOLUME 4 / ISSUE 8 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ