ALISHER NAVOI AND MUHAMMAD FUZULI: THE ROLE OF THE ARTS IN THE EPICS “LAYLI AND MAJNUN”

Аннотация

The article analyzes the artistic arts used in the epics "Layli and Majnun" by the great Turkish artists Alisher Navoi and Muhammad Fuzuli, the skills of the artists are described through examples, and personal opinions are expressed. Key words. Majnun, Ishq, Layli, tashbih, diagnosis, verse. The arts have a special place in vividly depicting reality in a work of art, in vividly expressing the feelings and experiences of the characters. “In our classical literature, which has a thousand-year history, the issue of art has always been the focus of attention of poets. When it comes to the potential of a particular creator, attention is paid not to what he or she depicted, but mainly to how he or she depicted it. In particular, the skill of using poetic arts in literary works has been evaluated as one of the main aspects of artistic creativity in all centuries”[1;4]. Both Alisher Navoi and Muhammad Fuzuli skillfully used the arts in the epic poem “Layli and Majnun”. In particular, in many places of the epic poem, Hazrat Navoi depicts the inner and outer beauty of Layli before the reader’s eyes through the art of hyperbole. This art serves to exaggerate and intensify the artistic image or action, while also serving as an original expression of Navoi's thought: Bashkim joins two bowed eyebrows, Husn's two are fighting. Because he is aware of this conflict, Mushkin enters the sermon and drinks vodka. The eyes are two shining infidels, Whoever looks at them, sleeps with sympathy.[2;67,68] In the above verses, the poet describes the hidden suffering of the beloved's beauty in the heart of the lover through the arts of diax (the clash of two eyebrows, the musk enters the sermon and drinks vodka), tashbih (the eyes are two shining infidels). The verses are not based on mere narration, but continue to develop the details of the beautiful beauty by developing the events. Or, in the later parts of the epic, the description of the beauty of the mistress turns into an exaggeration (the blackness of the ranks of the maidservants, the scarlet color of their uniforms) and the mistress sets out to fight the lover. The blackness of the ranks of the maidservants, The eyes are the shadow of the distant shadow. 2 60 International scientific journal ISSN: 2181-3906 «MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH» 2025 VOLUME 4 / ISSUE 8 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ No shadow, four ranks are covered with rust, The uniforms are scarlet color. The eyes of the soldier, closing their eyes, quickly move, They are bloodthirsty when they touch each other.[2;68] (Following quotations are taken from these sources). It is as if the eyelashes between the eyebrows of the mistress are like warriors drawn up in two ranks, ready to enter battle, and are thrown at each other to shed blood every time they open and close their eyes. The poet also uses the characteristics of the art of diagnosis in the above verses (Openly closing his eyes, he is a bloodthirsty woman, touching each other). In his epic, Muhammad Fuzuli, while creating the image of Layla through the art of exaggeration, describes her as a model of Azari beauty: She is a beautiful woman, The poet gives another beautiful example of the art of metaphor in order to praise the beauty of Layla's body: Her body was like a lotus, Her father did the same! Or: Her lips are as sweet as hers, And her words are sweet. A pure sapling, a tree, Who, with her beauty, will bring about the resurrection. In this verse, Fuzuli gives a brief description of the lover, saying, "...the sweetness of her lips has also spread to her mouth. From this, her words also come out sweet. She, a pure sapling, will bring about the resurrection of hearts with her beauty." Or, through the art of metaphor, the poet describes Majnun as follows: The secret of the body's secret, The light breeze of the flower of the soul. Before the verse of love, Huvaydo Manshuri appeared on the face of faith. Both creators, when creating the image of Majnun, embody him not only as a possessor of divine love, but also as a mature person who has reached the heights of enlightenment and perfection. It is as if the secret of two worlds is hidden in the image of Majnun. It is as if the path of eternity and eternity is outlined. Majnun is an essence, and Layla is the path to it, which evokes the imagination. When Navoi writes about Majnun, he describes him with all his love. According to the poet, Majnun's soul is a secret hidden in the treasury of the body, a light breeze blowing from the flower of the soul. A verse of love is visible in him, and a sign of loyalty is on his face. Muhammad Fuzuli, in his description of the image of Majnun, gives the following example of the art of tashbih: He has made perfection day by day, He has become a kind of beauty Rahu Ravishi is a beautiful woman, From head to toe, a complete woman. A beautiful figure with a unique shape, 2 61 International scientific journal ISSN: 2181-3906 «MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH» 2025 VOLUME 4 / ISSUE