MASNAVI IN THE WORKS OF NAVOI AND BABUR

Аннотация

The article analyzes the masnavis written by Alisher Navoi and Zahiriddin Muhammad Babur. As a result of the analysis, the artistic interpretation, common and different aspects of the ideas of patriotism in the works of artists were revealed. The structural structure and ideological content of the works reflect the creative style of both artists.Through the Masnavi genre, the unique creative views of both creators are revealed. Key words: masnavi, praise, name, genre, Alisher Navoi, Zahiriddin Muhammad Babur. Oriental classical literature cannot be imagined without the scientific and literary heritage left by two great figures, Alisher Navoi and Zahiriddin Muhammad Babur. Their work, while giving soul and soul to Turkic literature, continues to lead the caravan of literature of Turkic nations today. Zahiriddin Muhammad Babur had a very high respect for Alisher Navoi. He writes: “I lived in Herat in the house of Alisherbek. Every day I would ride a horse to see places in the city that I had never seen before. During this short period of time, I visited Alisherbek’s garden and Guzargohi, the tomb and mausoleum of Sheikh Bahovuddin Umar, the tomb and mausoleum of Mevlana Abdurakhmon Jami, the madrasa and mausoleum of Ulugbek Gavharshodbegim (Ulugbek’s mother), and the Herat mosque” [Babur 1989,170]. Or, “The majority of the population of Andijan are Turks. There is no one in Andijan and its bazaars who does not know Turkish. The language of the people is close to the literary language. Although Alisher Navoi was born and raised in Herat, he created in this language.” Each example of creativity belonging to the pen of Navoi and Babur is unique. Each was born thanks to great talent and potential. And one human life is not enough to understand these works. In this article, we intend to comparatively study the masnavis belonging to the pen of two accomplished creators. Alisher Navoi’s work “Masnavi” is a beautiful example of hasbi-hol poetry. In creating the masnavi, Navoi follows the creators who lived before him, the representatives of Persian and Turkic poetry (Fakhriddin Gurgoni, Avhadiy). 2 55 International scientific journal ISSN: 2181-3906 «MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH» 2025 VOLUME 4 / ISSUE 8 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ “One masnavi from “Khazoyin ul-maoniy” is also associated with the name of Sayyid Hasan Ardasher. The masnavi consists of 148 verses and contains a poetic letter written by the young poet to his teacher and friend before his journey. This masnavi-letter is a product of the poet’s youthful lyrics and is included in the first volume of the collection” [Sh. Sirojiddinov, D. Yusupova, O. Davlatov 2018,48]. Navoiy also incorporated the noma genre into his other works. The masnavi, created as an independent work, consists of 148 verses and is written in the mahzuf meter, which is similar to the aruz. Since it contains events related to the poet’s life, it embodies the image of a perfect creator before our eyes. In his letter to his teacher and spiritual father, Sayyid Hasan Ardasher, it is understood that two Alishers live in one body, one of whom is currently suffering from exile (in Babur's definition, "exile"), while the other intends to write a work that elevates the Turkic language to the sky. While one is absorbed in the material world, the other is nourished by this suffering of the soul and heart, giving him strength and energy. The poet wants to share this state of his with his closest person, a colleague. He seeks refuge from him. In the course of the letter, the poet explains the reasons for leaving his homeland, his intention to write "Khamsa", his sadness at the loss of his teacher and loved ones, and asks them to remember him at all times. Alisher Navoi begins his masnavi with a hymn of praise to the Creator, relying on the traditions of Hamsanavis: Praise be to the True One, the path of discovery is revealed, The difficulty of Hirad is revealed. Alimeki, there is no bidayat for you, Azimeki, there is no finality for you [Alisher Navoiy 2011,696-709]. Navoi, while describing Allah, tries to reveal his spiritual and social state at the same time. For example, “You have made trust in the traveler a food for the journey. You have made the journey a sign from hell,” equating the difficulties of the journey with the torment of hell. Throughout the masnavi, the poet sends blessings to our beloved Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and describes him as “the bringer of happiness.” In the following lines of the letter, Navoi describes his teacher Sayyid Hasan Ardasher, saying: Loyalty to you is a gift, knowledge to you is knowledge, Loyalty and the source of wisdom is Sayyid Hasan Ardasher. Alisher Navoi organizes the masnavi extremely beautifully. The work reflects the spiritual, social, and creative state of a person. Even in the most difficult times, the poet's unique way of caring for the word and glorifying the honor and dignity of the Turkic nation is evident. Although his heart is b