MALL BUSINESS LENDING AS A GUARANTEE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE COUNTRY

Аннотация

Lending to small businesses and private entrepreneurship plays an important role in GDP growth and in the development of the country's economy.Crediting small business and private business plays main role in increasing GDP and developing economy of the country. Keywords: small business, private entrepreneurship, credit, micro- credit, domestic ox product, cash, credit lines. In both developed and developing countries, the development of the economy is inextricably linked to credit, which in various forms penetrates all spheres of life. This is due to the expansion of the range of operations of banks, том including и in the field of lending. Performing banking operations with a broad clientele is an important feature of modern banking activities in all countries of the world with a developed credit system. The existence of small business and private entrepreneurship in the country means the emergence of a middle class that contributes to the normalization of the economic and political situation in society. As the experience of countries that achieved a dominant position in the global economy shows, they raised the standard of living of the population by developing small businesses and private entrepreneurship. For example, the share of small and medium-sized businesses in the gross domestic product of the EU member states is 67%, in Germany-65%, in the USA-52%. In Japan, 80% of the employed population, in the European Union - 70% work in small businesses and private entrepreneurship. As a rule, the source of bank lending is attracted funds. In this regard, it is important to note that when lending, the bank risks not so much its own funds, which is also possible, as the funds of its depositors. This means that it is necessary to establish means to protect the rights and interests of depositors, and provide a mechanism for their implementation. Moreover, this should be done not at the level of private legal regulation, but by establishing public legal rules. For the development of small businesses, credit resources are attracted from foreign investors and reputable world banks, including the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the German Development Bank, the Asian Development Bank, the International Finance Corporation and other international financial organizations. In order to provide assistance and advice to entrepreneurs and businessmen, a Small Business Support Center was opened in Uzbekistan with the assistance of the German Technical Assistance Society. The US Entrepreneurship Foundation and the UK Investment Fund, which operate in Central Asia, provide Uzbek entrepreneurs with the necessary information. 24-may 2024-yil 86 BARQAROR IQTISODIY OʻSISH ORQALI AHOLI TURMUSH FAROVONLIGINI OSHIRISH MASALALARI Table 1. Loans to small businesses and private entrepreneurs[1] (million sums) Commercial banks 31.12.2013 31.12.2014 31.12.2015 Asaka Bank 741 683.6 1 111 608.0 1 228 832.8 National Bank of Foreign Economic 1 040 400.0 1 040 400.0 1 200 0000.0 Activity of the Republic of Uzbekistan JSCB Agrobank 507 823.8 619 875.0 789 680.9 Halyk Bank Group 497 647.5 581 346.0 633 809.6 JSCIB Ipoteka-Bank 396 976.2 573 373.0 698 173.3 Uzpromstroybank JSCB 420 618.0 567 764.0 564 494.2 Khamkorbank JSCB 307 082.3 531 920.0 783 911.5 JSCB Mikrokreditbank JSCB 449 985.7 521 148.0 621 793,8 JSCB Kishlok 793.8 Kishlok Kurilish 319 534.1 438 246.0 559 907.9 Bank JSCB Alokabank JSCB 335 163.2 417 217.0 428 119.4 An important factor of differentiation in the conditions of the republic was the history of business creation, the degree of its dependence on the public sector. As the study of foreign experience shows, an indispensable condition for success in the development of small businesses is comprehensive and stable state support. It is carried out in various forms: stimulating the production of the most priority types of products, providing tax incentives, subsidizing preferential bank lending, creating information and advisory and scientific and technical centers, developing the insurance system, organizing logistics, financial support, and a financing mechanism. Currently, there are several problems in the segment of lending to small businesses by commercial banks. Key among them is the availability of credit products for small businesses, which is determined by a number of aspects: the need to provide collateral and guarantees, high interest rates, complexity of paperwork, lack of trust in the bank, as well as late repayment of loans received. The study of this problem is that the timely repayment of loans issued to them in the future continued at a preferential interest rate and conditions for the further development of the activities of small businesses. The state creates all favorable conditions for the development of small businesses and private entrepreneurship through lending to this sector from banks, but still there are some problems of lending in the banking system of Uzbekistan, which are due to th