ПРЕЗИДЕНТСКАЯ НЕПРИКОСНОВЕННОСТЬ В КОНСТИТУЦИЯХ МИРА: МЕЖДУ ИММУНИТЕТОМ И БЕЗНАКАЗАННОСТЬЮ

Аннотация

This article examines the institution of presidential immunity as an essential element of the constitutional and legal status of the head of state. A comparative legal analysis of the legislation and constitutional practices of various countries, including Uzbekistan, Russia, the United States, South Korea, Turkey, and others, is conducted. Particular attention is paid to the distinction between absolute and limited forms of immunity, as well as the risks of turning immunity into a tool of impunity. The author concludes that it is necessary to maintain a legal balance between protecting public officials and upholding the rule of law. The study is based on normative sources, decisions of constitutional courts, and academic literature, using comparative, institutional, and historical-legal methods. Keywords: presidential immunity, legal immunity, absolute immunity, limited immunity, constitutional law, impeachment, president, legal responsibility, abuse of power, comparative legal analysis.