AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF THE INTERRELATIONS BETWEEN THE OGHUZ DIALECTS AND THE TURKMEN LANGUAGE AND ITS DIALECTS

Аннотация

This article provides a detailed discussion of the relationship between the Oghuz dialects and the Turkmen language and its dialects. Systematization of the collected factual sources proves the validity of the points presented below, and based on these, the polysemantic words occurring in the Oghuz Uzbek dialects and in the Turkmen language and its dialects have been classified into the following groups: Words common to the Oghuz dialect and Turkmen dialects, but not found in the Turkmen literary language; Words used in common in the Uzbek literary language, the Oghuz dialect, and the dialects of the Turkmen language; Words common to the Oghuz dialect and the Turkmen dialects, but used through other forms of lexical units in the Uzbek and Turkmen literary languages; Words common to the Turkmen dialects and the Uzbek literary language, as compared to the Oghuz dialect and the Turkmen literary language. Examples ofpolysemanticwords corresponding to each group are provided. Keywords: Oghuz dialect, polysemantic word, Turkmen language, literary language, dialect, lexical unit,word, region, Bukhara, Khorezm. Introduction: For centuries, Turkmens and Uzbeks have lived on the same land, maintaining close neighborly relations. Shared historical roots, as well as bonds formed through weddings, interfamily ties, and mutual visits, have brought the Uzbek and Turkmen peoples even closer together. In Uzbekistan, there are educational institutions operating in the Turkmen language at various levels, including higher education, secondary education, and preschool. “At present, themajority ofTurkmens in the Khorezm oasis reside in the following areas: in Urgench district (Salyr tribe), in Bogot district (northern Yomut, Chovdur, and Igdir tribes), in Shovot district (northern Yomut and Ata tribes), in Dashoguz province (northern dialect of the Yomut, Chovdur, Qoradoshli, and Emreli tribes), in Forob and Darganata—bordering Khorezm and Bukhara (Ata and Kirach tribes), as well as in theRepublic of Karakalpakstan’s Turtkul, Beruniy, andEllikkaladistricts(Ata, Igdir, Dueji, Goklen, and Arabachi tribes)”.[1:4,7] It cannot be concluded that the common features of polysemantic words in the Oghuz dialect and the Turkmen language dialects are solely the result ofwords borrowed from Turkmen into the Oghuz dialects or vice versa. This is because, in their historical formation, both were influenced by ancient Oghuz tribes, and the core of their lexical composition consists ofcommon Turkic words characteristic of all Turkic tribes. If any of these were related to a different language system, it would have been easier to determine the primary basis of similarities and the polysemantic units formed under mutual influence. However, such an assumption cannot be made about the Turkmens living in our country. The living conditions and daily occupations of Turkmens in our homeland are largely the same, and for this reason, it is natural for the population speaking the Oghuz dialect to have an influence on the Turkmens. S. Arazkuliyev notes that “labial harmony is strong in the Turkmen literary language, whereas among the Turkmens of Uzbekistan, vowel harmony is as weak as in the local Uzbek dialects; vowel length isalso found mostly in thefirst syllable”.[2: 72,73] https://ijmri.de/index.php/jmsi volume 4,issue7,2025 257 Methodology: The polysemantic units found and preserved in the Oghuz Uzbek dialects, the Turkmen language, and its dialects demonstrate the existence of numerous words linking them through kinship relations. During the study, it was observed that some polysemantic lexical units are absent in the Turkmen literary language and its central and western dialects, or that certain words occurring in the Oghuz Uzbek dialects and in nearby Turkmen dialects are not recorded in the Uzbek literary language. It was also noted that the majority of words in the Oghuz dialects, the Turkmen language, and its dialects occur more frequently in the Bukhara Oghuz dialects. Nevertheless, when the collected factual sources are systematized, they confirm the validity of the points mentioned above. Taking this into account, the polysemantic words found in the Oghuz Uzbek dialects and in the Turkmen language and its dialects have been classified into thefollowing groups: 1. Words common to the Oghuz dialect and Turkmen dialects, but not found in the Turkmen literary language: Oghuz səŋ // QTSh. sеŋ. 1. Large ice floes drifting in the river during spring. 2. A meteorological phenomenon in which rain falls to the ground in a frozen form resembling snow. Cf. Persian–Tajik “tosh” (“stone”); Oghuz təndar // QTSh, Emr., Ata., Chand. tenda:r — “healthy, sound”. Turkmen Literary Language gurun. 1. Healthy, well, robust. 2. Fat, well-fed, mature (of livestock). Cf.: In the Khiva dialect — tetik (“vigorous”). [3 : 162] Oghuz Uzbeks, QTSh, Chov., Ata. dialect — from Arabic zȉya:pat: 1. A social gathering or friendly meeting held in turn among friends, companions,