BLOCKCHAIN-BASED DATA PROTECTION: EXPERIENCES IN USING MODERN CRYPTOGRAPHIC PROTOCOLS

Аннотация

This paper presents a hybrid blockchain–cryptography framework designed to ensure data privacy, integrity, and quantum-resilient security. By integrating Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKPs), Homomorphic Encryption (HE), Multi-Party Computation (MPC), and Post- Quantum Cryptography (PQC), the proposed model addresses emerging threats in decentralized environments. A comparative analysis of experimental results from 2019–2024 high-impact studies shows that hybrid architectures achieve an optimal balance between performance and security, with compliance to GDPR and HIPAA standards. The study concludes with future research directions, including hardware acceleration, interoperability, and quantum-adaptive consensus protocols[1]. KEYWORDS: blockchain, cryptography, zero-knowledge proofs, post-quantum cryptography, privacy preservation, data protection INTRODACTION Blockchain technology has transformed the way data is stored, validated, and shared in distributed environments. Its decentralization, immutability, and transparency have made it a promising foundation for applications in finance, healthcare, supply chain management, and e- government systems. However, as blockchain adoption expands, so do the sophistication and variety of cyber threats targeting it. Existing blockchain security mechanisms—while robust against traditional attacks—remain vulnerable to advanced adversaries capable of exploiting cryptographic weaknesses, consensus manipulation, and potential quantum-computing breakthroughs. Recent advancements in cryptography offer solutions to these challenges. Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKPs) enable verifiable computation without revealing underlying data, Homomorphic Encryption (HE) allows computation on encrypted data, Multi-Party Computation (MPC) enables secure joint operations between parties, and Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) ensures resilience against quantum decryption. Integrating these protocols into blockchain architectures can create a privacy-preserving and quantum-resistant ecosystem for critical data management. This paper aims to explore such integration through a comprehensive review of high-impact studies,proposing a hybrid model forsecure blockchain-based data protection[2][3]. LITERATURE REVIEW The intersection ofblockchain and advanced cryptographic protocols has been a rapidly evolving research domain since 2019. Studies by Zhang et al. (2020) demonstrated that integrating ZKPs into Ethereum smart contracts could reduce on-chain data exposure by over 70%, significantly enhancing privacy without degrading transaction throughput. Similarly, Chen and Li (2021) explored the use of Homomorphic Encryption in supply chain systems, allowing suppliers to performencrypted dataanalytics withoutdisclosing sensitivecommercial information. https://ijmri.de/index.php/jmsi volume 4,issue7,2025 217 Post-Quantum Cryptography has gained particular importance due to the anticipated capabilities of large-scale quantum computers. Research by Bindel et al. (2022) evaluated lattice-based cryptosystems in Hyperledger Fabric, concluding that PQC could be integrated with acceptable latency overhead. Moreover, hybrid cryptographic models—such as combining ZKPs with MPC—have shown potential in privacy-preserving decentralized identity systems (Wang & Liu, 2023). Despite these advancements, challenges remain in terms ofscalability, computational cost, and interoperability across heterogeneous blockchain networks. This study builds upon these findings to propose a unified hybrid architecture tailored for quantum-resilient blockchain-based dataprotection.