INFLUENCE OF TRAFFIC LIGHTS ON BOBURSHOH STREET IN ANDIJAN CITY ON ECOLOGY AND FUEL CONSUMPTION

Аннотация

This article analyzes the impact of traffic lights located on Al-Farg'oniy Street in Andijan on traffic flow, fuel consumption, and the environmental situation. During the study, the location of 12 traffic lights on this street, their operating hours, and traffic dynamics were examined. An average of 300 cars per hour have been recorded, and due to improperly adjusted traffic lights, vehicles are often forced torepeatedly stop andstart Keywords: Exhaust gases, automobile, internal combustion engine, tire treads, brake pads, environment, As a result of thelarge number ofvehicles, theamount ofpollutants released into theatmosphere, such as SO2, NOx, CO, PM10, and PM2.5, is increasing. Throughout the year, emissions from cars lead to the deterioration of the city's air quality. In addition, the noise level for residents livingnear majorroads andintersections may exceed normal standards [1-3]. Over the past decade, a significant increase has been observed in the entire vehicle fleet within the Andijan region. Growth indicators were analyzed based on data from the Andijan Regional Department of Internal Affairs, examining the total number of registered vehicles in the region by vehicle category. The number of registered vehicles in the Andijan region is presented in the followingtables. Currently, the number of vehicles in the Andijan region is also growing rapidly. Harmful gases emitted by vehicles (CO2, NOx, CO, PM, and others) are considered one of the main sources of environmental pollution. A practical study was conducted on Boburshoh Street in the city of Andijan, for which we collected data on road traffic flow. There are 12 traffic lights in the observation area. We observed the difference between the theoretical "green wave" where cars don't stop and the "red wave" when stopping at intersections, ranging from 1 to 12 stops. Thus, we assumed that traffic along the entire length of the observation route is consistent, which is certainly incorrect - traffic is sometimes heavy, sometimes light. Additionally, we assumed that the day we collected the data was a typical day, and therefore the data obtained are applicable to all days of the year, although we know this is not true for Sundays and holidays. Furthermore, we only studied the traffic flow in the north-south direction and did not account for traffic on the connecting roads. We aimed to indicate the environmental impact of increased fuel consumption at intersections in aspecific direction ona given day [4,5]. Measurement results from a relatively small area (9.8 km of road) show significant differences in fuel consumption, which can amount to more than 1.5 million liters of fuel annually between the "green" and "red wave." This can be extrapolated to a larger urban area through appropriate multiplication. Table1 http://www.internationaljournal.co.in/index.php/jasass 153 Volume15 Issue 08, August 2025 Impact factor: 2019: 4.679 2020: 5.015 2021: 5.436, 2022: 5.242, 2023: 6.995, 2024 7.75 Average acceleration times to 50 km/h at the required speed and distances covered during acceleration Average acceleration Distance covered during VehicleType time from 0 to 50 km/h acceleration (m) (sec) Cars 10.4 72 Lightcommercialvehicles(<3.5t) 12 83 Medium-dutytrucks (3.5t -7t) 14 97 Heavy-dutytrucks (over 7t) 16 111 Vehicles with trailers 18.5 128 Buses 15 104 Motorcycles 8.2 57 In our calculations, we did not account for multiple possible stops at the same intersection - we assumed that the vehicle passed through the intersection without stopping, although in practice this is not always the case. Often, at traffic lights and in traffic jams, vehicles accelerate and decelerate several times. Research shows that trafficflow has anunexpectedly significant impact onfuel consumption and, consequently, also affects the amount of PM10 particles. On Boburshoh Street in Andijan city, which spans 9.8 km and has 12 traffic lights, there are 12 possible traffic patterns for traveling this route. It can be concluded that in the best-case scenario, an average of 4,939 liters of fuel is consumed per day, while in the worst-case scenario, 22,219 liters are consumed. Of course, it is necessary to account for the damage caused by braking, tire wear, and general vehicle vibrations resulting from starting and stopping. In addition to the direct costs due to increased fuel consumption, we must also consider environmental pollution caused by increased noise and significant dispersion of CO and PM particles (including PM and PM ). If traffic lights on 2 10 2.5 1 Boburshoh Street in Andijan city are managed rationally or a "green wave" system is implemented, it would be possible to save more than 17 thousand liters of fuel per day, which in turn would bring great benefits to boththe environment and theeconomy.