HISTORY OF DIESEL ENGINES AND THEIR DIFFERENCES FROM OTHER ENGINES

Аннотация

Diesel engines modern transportation and in industry important place​ holds , especially freight, rural​ farm and construction in the field. Their high efficiency and strength because of world according to wide In Uzbekistan, for example, diesel​ motor vehicles (buses, trucks) public​ transport and logistics from 20% in the field more than to share has. This article reviews the history of the development of diesel engines, analyzing their differences from other engines (gasoline, electric, and hydrogen). Key words:​ diesel engines, automobile, transportation, gasoline, electricity engines, hydrogen, combustion,village economy, society transportation. Diesel engines appearance (late 19th century). Diesel engine basis German engineer Rudolf Diesel in 1892. He used heat energy mechanic to energy of conversion effective method working exit goal In 1897, the first working diesel engine from the test was held, its efficiency around 25% was, this that's it much faster than steam engines of the time (10-15%) high was. Diesel engines compressed in the air fuel​ by itself burning on principle is based on this sparkly to burn dependent gasoline from engines difference First use, initially​ ​ ​ industry stations and onshipsused. XX century first half expanding went. 1920s-1930s: Diesel engines car and iron road​ in transport application Mercedes-Benz first launched in 1924. diesel his car working released. Technological to the achievements fuel​ casting pumps improvement and squeeze level increase efficiency by 30% delivered. Soviet Union during In Uzbekistan diesel with engine locomotivesand tractors (e.g. MTZ-50) for rural areas onthefarm wideused. XX century second in the middle modernization period started. 1950s -1980s: Turbocharging and Common Rail fuel casting systems current These systems​ power increase fuel​ ​ spend by 20% reduced. Ecological to problems diesel engines waste gases (NOx, soot) problem intensified, this catalytic converters and soot filters (DPF) to release take came. In the 1980s, the Tashkent Tractor Plant diesel factory​ with engine techniques working released, but ecological standards stillunderdeveloped was. XXI century: Ecological requirements and competition period. 2000s: Euro-5 and Euro-6 standards diesel to the engines hard emission requirements current SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) systems reduce NOx emissions by up to 80%. reduced. Electricity and hydrogen engines development diesel to the engines pressure However, freight transport​ ​ and in industry diesel still the leader. In 2024 , UzAutoMotors diesel motor trucks​ working to release expanding, but ecological to standards compliance todoproblem current. Diesel engines in development turbocharging technology important place​ It is currently in use in the 1970s. done turbocharging to engines more​ air supply, power by30% increased and fuel spend by 15% Common Rail system: Developed by Bosch in the 1990s working issued this system fuel​ high accurate at pressure (2000 bar) spray opportunity gave , this and burning efficiency by40% delivered. Diesel engines otherfrom engines difference https://ijmri.de/index.php/jmsi volume 4,issue7,2025 105 Gasolineengines withcomparison  Performance Principle: Diesel engines fuel​ compressed in the air by itself burning through works, gasolineengines and sparkly toburn is based on.  Efficiency: Diesel engines with 35-40% efficiency yes , gasoline engines and 20-30%. Thisdiesel fuel thrift provides .  Waste: Diesel engines NOx and soot more emits , gasoline engines and CO₂ and CO​ morecontribution Addictive.  Application : Diesel trucks​ ​ and on buses wide distributed, gasoline engines and light incars preferably. Electricity engines with comparison  Performance Principle: Electric engines from the battery power take, mechanic energy harvest does, burning process It wo n't bepossible.  Efficiency: Electric engines reach 80-90% efficiency yes, diesel relatively muchhigh.  Waste: Electricity engines work during waste does not emit , but the battery working release and electricity working release processes CO₂ emissionstake is coming.  Limitations: Electrical engines charge to the stations related, in Uzbekistan and charge infrastructure limited ( 50stationsin Tashkent in2024) there is).  Application: Electrical​ engines light in cars expanding, diesel and heavy in transport column. Hydrogen engines with comparison  Performance Principle: Hydrogen fuel​ fuel cells produce hydrogen oxygen with to react enter, electricity energy harvest does. Burning in theprocess only water comes out.  Efficiency: Hydrogen cells at 50-60% efficiency yes, from diesel high, but lower than electricity.  Waste: Hydrogen engines ecological clean ,diesel andNOx and soot releases.  Limitations : Hydrogen charge stations and working release infrastructure In Uzbekistan almostno,this his/hercurrent tobecompleted makes it difficult .  Application:Hydrogen​ engines testin phase ,diesel and currently widesprea