CURRENT ADVANCES IN LIVER TRANSPLANTATION: SURGICAL TECHNIQUES, OUTCOMES, AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES

Аннотация

Liver transplantation (LT) remains the definitive treatment for end-stage liver disease, acute liver failure, and selected hepatic malignancies. This study reviews modern surgical techniques, immunosuppressive strategies, and long-term outcomes in adult and pediatric recipients. A total of 200 patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation between 2015 and 2023 were analyzed for graft survival, complications, and quality of life post-transplant. Data revealed one-year graft survival rates of 88% and five-year survival rates of 75%. Advances in living donor transplantation, machine perfusion technology, and immunomodulation have significantly improved outcomes and organ utilization. Despite progress, challenges such as donorshortages and post-transplant complications remain. Keywords: Liver transplantation, Orthotopic liver transplant, Living donor liver transplant, Immunosuppression, Hepatic failure, Graft survival, Machine perfusion.