DEVELOPING INDEPENDENT THINKING IN PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS THROUGH LOGICAL PROBLEMS

Аннотация

thinking, it is logically appropriate to from simple to complex. As we know, in the field develop an additional program aimed at of mathematics, using methods that foster advancing logical thinking, which can be independent thinking and enhance creative incorporated into any lesson during the thinking is essential for providing students with educational process. deep knowledge. This is a key task of primary Volume 05 Issue 01-2025 32 International Journal of Advance Scientific Research (ISSN – 2750-1396) VOLUME 05 ISSUE 01 Pages: 31-36 OCLC – 1368736135 Currently, there are various methods for shaping In primary grades, the study of problems is logical universal learning actions. In order to carried out by forming new concepts and incorporate additional exercises to develop transitioning from solving simple problems to logical thinking, each teacher must analyze and solving more complex ones. This process involves consider the physical and psychological various simple problems related to addition, characteristics of young students, taking into subtraction, multiplication, and division—such as account the individuality of each child. Such tasks finding the sum of identical addends, dividing can be implemented not only during the numbers into equal parts, multiplying and educational process but also in extracurricular dividing numbers, as well as problems related to activities and virtually any lesson. enlarging and reducing numbers. These problems help students compare numbers and solve other Solving mathematical problems is a crucial related problems. Additionally, methods and component of teaching mathematics. It is games that aid in solving problems will be unimaginable to master mathematics without explored. solving problems. The practical application of the theory of problem-solving in mathematics is an One such game is "Think Up", which can be used essential method of instruction. Solving problems to stimulate students' creative and logical plays a significant role in helping students grasp thinking. theoretical material in primary grades and Didactic Task: Developing students' spatial enhances their thinking abilities. Problems are imagination. structured based on a system of practical tasks. This means that each new concept is solidified by Game Task: Enhancing students' logical thinking solving a problem that requires the application of abilities through solving circular problems. that concept, helping to explain its importance. Simple problems are used to explore the content Game Description:To play this game, a magnetic of arithmetic operations, reveal the connections board or a chalkboard, a picture of the planet, and between the operations and their components, cards with written problems are prepared in and familiarize students with relationships advance. The game is played as follows: A between different quantities. Simple problems magnetic plate is glued to the back of each card serve as the foundation for developing the with a problem written on it. The students knowledge, skills, and abilities necessary for themselves must place the cards on the board in solving more complex problems. the correct order as they progress. For example, Volume 05 Issue 01-2025 33 International Journal of Advance Scientific Research (ISSN – 2750-1396) VOLUME 05 ISSUE 01 Pages: 31-36 OCLC – 1368736135 39+20 59+11 29+10 70+0 20+9 70-50 the teacher could prepare a series of arithmetic make the learning process fun and interactive as problems or logical tasks related to the theme of they visually follow the progression of the the planet, and students will place the cards in the airplane. correct sequence to form a solution path. This Game Description: Students are introduced to exercise helps develop their logical thinking and the rules of the game. Each student in the class is spatial reasoning.In this game, the teacher given a numbered card with a number from 1 to explains to the students that as the airplane 10 written on it. Then, they are given the slowly ascends from the ground, the answers to following task: the students who receive a card the problems also progress in an increasing order. must come to the front of the classroom and The airplane ascends into the sky and gradually arrange themselves in the correct order based on descends to land. The teacher must monitor their card numbers.The students need to find whether the students solve the problems their correct position in line according to the correctly. If the students find the correct answers, number on their card. The student with the the airplane is flying correctly. To make the game number 1 stands first, the student with the even more engaging, it can be referred to as the number 2 stands next to the student with the "Circular Problems" game. This will not only help number 1, and the student with the number 3 students develop their logical thinking but also Volume 05 Issue 01-2025 34 International Journal of Advance Scientific Research (ISSN – 27