USING TEMPORARY TEETH SPLINTING AS ONE OF THE STAGES OF TREATMENT FOR PERIODONTAL DISEASES

Аннотация

The article provides examples of using various methods of temporary teeth splinting.The main task oftemporary teeth splinting with periodontal tissue damage is to unload and unite teeth with subsequent fixation of weakened periodontal tissues in the presence of traumatic articulation or formed traumatic nodes. Temporary structures and various splinting devices will allow fixing loose teeth and optimally redistribute the chewing load both on loose teeth and on those teeth that have a fairly well-preserved periodontium or on teeth that are not involvedin all acts ofchewing food. Keywords:dentistry, orthopedic dentistry, teeth splinting, tooth mobility, periodontal diseases, temporary splinting. The indications for dental splinting are based on the assessment of their mobility and the condition of the periodontal tissues, which is determined on the basis of a clinical and radiographic examination after therapeutic and surgical treatment methods [1]. In case of bone loss by half of the tooth root length, horizontal splinting should be performed, which consists of usingthemethods of sagittal and transverse splinting. When diagnosing bone loss up to ¾ of the root length and grade II-III tooth mobility, rigid splinting in three planes (vertical, sagittal and transverse) shouldbe used. Thepurposeoftemporary splinting is: 1. To create rigid fixation of mobile teeth using various temporary or permanent structures, splintsand orthopedic devices; 2. To achieve restoration of contact points by combining a group of teeth or the entire dentition into one block, thereby increasing the resistance of the periodontium of individual teeth to chewing pressure; 3. Creation of a block of splinted teeth, which results in inhibition of migration of teeth in three directions; for the anterior teeth in the sagittal, vertical and transverse directions, for the lateral teeth -in thesagittal, vertical and horizontal directions; 4. The use of splinting devices reduces local trauma to individual teeth due to the redistribution ofthechewing load overa large group ofteeth; 32 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCHERS ISSN:3030-332X Impact factor: 8,293 Volume 12,issue1,June2025 https://wordlyknowledge.uz/index.php/IJSR worldly knowledge Index: googlescholar, research gate, research bib, zenodo,open aire. https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=ru&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=wosjournals.com&btnG https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Worldly-Knowledge https://journalseeker.researchbib.com/view/issn/3030-332X 5. Do not create retention points to retain food residues and do not have an irritating effect on theperiodontal tissues; 6. Do not interfere with the therapeutic and surgical therapy of weakened periodontal tissues of mobile teeth. The degree of tooth mobility, the condition and severity of periodontal tissue inflammation are the basis for the choice of stabilization type - frontal (anterior section); - sagittal(lateral section ofthe dental arch); -fronto-sagittal; parasagittal; - stabilization along the arch. In the case of preserved dental arches with weakened periodontium, splinting of loose teeth involves their unification into a single block, planning the optimal splint design in order to maximally unify a large number of teeth with weakened and preserved periodontium [2]. If the integrity of the dental arches is compromised, splinting of loose teeth should be carried out with simultaneous restoration of defects in the dental arches. It is necessary to distinguish between the splinted group of teeth and the prosthetic structure, which, in most cases, to one degree or another, loads the splinted teeth through a system of supports on the retaining and locking fasteners ofclasp dentures [14]. When choosing such designs of devices, it is necessary to optimally distribute their supporting and retentive function with minimal trauma and overload of the remaining teeth. Orthopedic structures used in the process of complex treatment of a patient withperiodontal tissue diseases arerepresented bytemporary and permanent splintsand prosthetic structures. Temporary splints are used tostabilize mobileormigrating teeth both during theentire medical, therapeutic and surgical treatment methods, and during the period of making permanent splints orduring theproduction of apermanent prostheticstructure. Temporary splints should be used to carry out and consolidate the results of orthodontic treatment with slightly tilted teeth or their migration. Temporary splints ensure optimal distribution of chewing pressure between the periodontium of affected and intact teeth, creating rest for theaffected tissues, improvingtheir trophism,removing theinflammatory component in the periodontal tissues. Temporary splints are widely used in the developed stages of focal and generalized periodontitis [15]. covering teeth from the vestibular and oral surfaces), oro- vestibularly located in the corresponding surface of the dental arch and fixing loose teeth [11], [17]. The use of m