ADVANCEMENTS IN ULTRASOUND DIAGNOSTICS: CLINICAL APPLICATIONS AND TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS

Аннотация

Background: Ultrasound diagnostics (UZI) is a non-invasive imaging modality widely used for real-time assessment of soft tissues and internal organs. Continuous advancements in ultrasound technology have expanded its clinical applications and improved diagnostic accuracy. Objective: This study analyzes current trends in ultrasound diagnostics, focusing on technological innovations andtheir impact onclinical practice. Methods: A systematic review of 60 studies (2014–2024) from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases was conducted. The analysis covered B-mode imaging, Doppler techniques, elastography, and 3D/4D ultrasound. Parameters evaluated included sensitivity, specificity, and diagnosticaccuracy across different clinical fields. Results: Modern UZI demonstrated high diagnostic performance: elastography improved liver fibrosis staging sensitivity up to 92%, while 3D/4D ultrasound enhanced fetal anomaly detection accuracy by 15–20%. Portable ultrasound devices increased accessibility in emergency and rural healthcare settings. Conclusion: Technological advancements in ultrasound diagnostics have significantly improved real-time imaging, making UZI a cornerstone of modern medical diagnostics. Integration with AI-based image analysis promises further enhancement of diagnostic precision. Keywords: ultrasound diagnostics, elastography, Doppler imaging, 3D/4D ultrasound, medical imaging.