Effectiveness of ECG Telemetry Technology in Preventing Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome

Аннотация

This study evaluates the clinical effectiveness of ECG telemetry technology in the early diagnosis and prevention of myocardial infarction in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in the Fergana region. A total of 48 patients who contacted the ambulance due to chest pain were included. Each patient underwent an ECG examination at the site of the call, with the results transmitted in real-time to regional or national cardiologists via telemetry. ST-segment elevation was detected in all cases, and patients were promptly referred to specialized cardiology centers for coronary angiography and stenting within an average of 2.2 ± 1.1 hours. Statistical analysis revealed that none of the patients developed myocardial infarction, disability, or death (0%). Most of the patients were male (77.1%) and over the age of 60 (54.2%). Hypertension was present in 100% of patients, followed by obesity (56.3%), smoking (39.6%), hereditary predisposition (27.1%), and diabetes mellitus (12.5%). The results highlight the high preventive value of ECG telemetry in managing ACS, especially among high-risk groups. The integration of digital diagnostics with a coordinated ambulance system significantly improved clinical outcomes and demonstrates the potential for widespread implementation in regional emergency response systems. Keywords: ECG telemetry, acute coronary syndrome, prevention of myocardial infarction, ambulance, remote cardiologist consultation, coronary angiography, cardiovascular risk factors, ST-segment elevation, digital integration, telemedicine, cardiac disease diagnostics, Fergana region. with appropriate ambulance intervention, such Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases represent one of conditions may lead to death or irreversible disability. the most significant challenges in modern medicine, being directly linked to both the duration and quality of According to statistical data published by the World human life. In particular, acute coronary syndrome Health Organization (WHO), in 2023 more than 18 (ACS) is a severe clinical condition characteristic of million people worldwide died due to cardiovascular ischemic heart disease, resulting from inadequate diseases. This underscores the fact that this group of blood supply to the myocardium. ACS cases often diseases remains a pressing medical and social issue present with myocardial infarction, ventricular not only in developing but also in developed countries. arrhythmias, ST-segment elevation, and acute heart For this reason, the integration of advanced failure. If not identified in a timely manner and treated technologies into clinical practice — particularly those International Journal of Medical Sciences And Clinical Research 16 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ijmscr International Journal of Medical Sciences And Clinical Research (ISSN: 2771-2265) expanding early diagnostic capabilities — has become In addition, within the framework of this study, the an urgent necessity. practical implementation of the ambulance algorithm based on ECG telemetry, the time required for hospital One of the innovative approaches widely implemented delivery, the speed of diagnosis and stenting, the in recent years is ECG telemetry technology. Using this influence of risk factors, and differences related to the method, ambulance teams record the patient’s cardiac age and sex of the patients are analyzed. The results activity at the site of the call using an ECG and transmit obtained will help to determine the preventive it in real time to a specialized cardiologist. This enables effectiveness of this technology at the regional level. accurate and rapid diagnosis, timely receipt of medical recommendations, and the immediate transfer of the METHODS patient to a specialized treatment facility. Early In this study, the term “ambulance” is used to denote detection of infarction risk through this system, and the the integrated emergency medical care services availability of timely stenting, play a crucial role in the including dispatch, on-site examination, remote prevention of myocardial infarction. consultation, and hospital transport. Objective The study was conducted from August 13, 2024, to The main objective of this study is to determine the February 13, 2025, in the Fergana region by the Fergana clinical effectiveness of using ECG telemetry technology Regional Branch of the Republican Ambulance Center. for the early diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome A total of 48 patients who contacted emergency (ACS) at the site of emergency calls and to prevent medical services with chest pain were selected as the myocardial infarction through remote cardiologist study subjects. All patients were included in a random consultation. sequence, and only cases suspected of ischemic heart disease were analyzed [1, 2, 3]. national level. All patients with detected ST-segment Each patient underwent an electrocardiographic elevation were immediately referred to a specialized examination (ECG)