Contextual Functions of Paremiological Units in Discourse

Аннотация

In this article, we will determine the contextual flexibility, semantic multi-layeredness, and communicative-discursive modification of proverbs and sayings, which are paremiological units in the English and Karakalpak languages, in various discourse genres. Through the research, it is analyzed how proverbs acquire new semantic meaning and content in the context, undergo stylistic changes, and appear in a new axiological content. Keywords: Paremiology, contextual function, discourse, proverbs and sayings, metaphor, linguoculturological, tropes, stylistic figures. illuminate a certain event, phenomenon, object, or its Introduction: Proverbs, despite being a small genre characteristic depicted in the work, but by using words within oral folk art, encompass all spheres of our life in figuratively, he achieves a concise and effective their content. It is the spiritual treasure of the people. conveyance of that thought. Language tools in such a Proverbs and sayings serve to enhance the spiritual service are called figurative or artistic tools in strength of our people, to give a new look at our linguistics. They serve the imagery of language. customs, traditions, and national values, and to Descriptive means in language are divided into two educate the younger generation as devoted children of large groups. the nation. Therefore, their comprehensive study is considered one of the most important issues of science. 1. Tropes. In this regard, as Professor Sh.Abdinazimov noted, 2. Stylistic figures. folklore, including proverbs and sayings, has been Tropes are of great importance in language and literary widely studied by literary scholars. However, the issue works. The imagery and expressiveness of the language of studying folklore works, which are an inexhaustible of any work depend on the skillful and appropriate use treasure that provides rich material for the history of of these tropes and their types. The main function of the Karakalpak language, in linguofolkloristic, the trope is to ensure the imagery of the language. linguopoetic, and linguocultural aspects is one of the There are several types of tropes, including epithet, lagging areas of Karakalpak linguistics. simile, metaphor, metonymy, synecdoche, irony, The study of the linguistic features of folklore works in allegory, personification, periphrasis, and others. Karakalpak linguistics still requires a lot of research. In the language of a literary work, including the Therefore, in this work, we study the language of language of a poetic work, one of the most productive proverbs. types of tropes is metaphor, metonymy, synecdoche. The writer or speaker widely uses the artistic means of Through metaphor, metonymy, synecdoche, an object language to ensure the conciseness, artistic and or phenomenon is compared with each other, and one figurative nature of the thought that is intended to be of them is determined and explained by analogy with expressed in writing and speech. Especially in a poetic the other. work, through language, the poet conveys his intended Based on some similarity of two objects or phenomena, thought to the reader figuratively, concisely, and it is a metaphor to connect a characteristic belonging to clearly, without prolonging the sentences to artistically American Journal Of Philological Sciences 78 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajps American Journal Of Philological Sciences (ISSN – 2771-2273) one of them with another object in a figurative sense, simultaneously in several semantic fields (moral, and in this respect, it is very similar to the comparison, aesthetic, social); close, but in the comparison it is said that the second 2) Discourse flexibility: proverbs can perform new word series indicating the object, action, and what it is functions in various genres (artistic, political, media compared to, in the metaphor only the second one, discourse); that is, what it is compared to, is shown. In this respect, 3) Pragmatic function: proverbs were selected for imagery in metaphors is strong. illocutionary purposes, such as warning, evaluation, Tropes are the general name of words used figuratively, ironic speech, promotion; and in order to create imagery, the transfer of the 4) Axiological content: in each proverb, the attitude name, sign, action of a certain thing or action in a work towards social values, mentality, or stereotypes was of art to another, comparison, analogy, in general, the taken into account; use of words in a figurative sense for a certain purpose is called a trop. 5) Linguocultural harmony: proverbs express values, images, and concepts characteristic of two language A.Bekbergenov writes about tropes: "The use of a word cultures; in some contexts in a figurative sense different from its main direct meaning, performing the function of 6) Comparative content: English and Karakalpak various artistic means, is called a trop," while proverbs were selected on a comparative basis, E.Berdimuratov writes: "To enhance