PREVENTION OF UNEMPLOYMENT AND REDUCTION OF POVERTY IN UZBEKISTAN, COMPREHENSIVE SUPPORT FOR AFFECTED INDIVIDUALS, INSPECTION MEASURES ACROSS ALL REGIONS, AND EMERGING PROBLEMS.

Аннотация

In today’s developing Uzbekistan—as well as in many other countries—unemployment remains a widespread issue, with a significant number of citizens lacking jobs. Additionally, there is a considerable number of low-income families. This situation is especially noticeable in remote mountainousregions.Therefore,specialattentionmustbepaidtotheseissues.Inthisstudy,weexamine theseproblemsusingtheexampleofSurkhandaryaregion. The purpose of writing this article is to examine ways to prevent unemployment and reduce poverty in Uzbekistan by providing comprehensive support to the population, increasing the number of manufacturing enterprises, and creating favorable conditions for entrepreneurs by supporting their business plans. Unfortunately, the number of unemployed and low-income citizens in Uzbekistan has been increasing. For example, the situation in the districts of Surkhandarya region can be analyzed. Surkhandarya is the hottest region in the country, and due to water shortages, agricultural yields have significantlydeclined.Asaresult,unemploymentandpovertyaregrowing. Toaddressthisissue,itisessentialtoestablishmoreproductionenterprisesinSurkhandaryaand employ unemployed and low-income individuals by creating new job opportunities. It is also necessary to create free vocational training opportunities for all women living in mountainous areas. Compared to other regions, the development level in Surkhandarya is quite low, primarily because of the lack of production facilities. Moreover, in the summer, water scarcity, high salt content in the soil, and saline drinkingwaternegativelyimpactcropyields. If these problems are solved and favorable conditions are created for farmers, people will have employment,andtheproductstheygrowcanbeexported,benefitingboththeirfamiliesandUzbekistan. Surkhandarya’s geographic location in the south, bordering Afghanistan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan, contributestoitslowerdevelopmentlevel,aslargeareasoflandalongthebordershavebeenleftunused. These lands could be put to productive use by establishing factories, significantly reducing unemployment. Incontrast,regionslikeSamarkand,Andijan,Namangan,andKhorezmhavebetterdevelopment levels due to the expansion of tourism and the presence of many production enterprises, resulting in page673 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue07,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai lower unemployment rates. If similar production enterprises and factories are established in Surkhandarya and the problems of each household are studied, skilled youth and women can be supported and involved in productive work. By allocating land to farmers and introducing benefits for them, not onlySurkhandarya but other regions could alsodevelop inagriculture, livestockfarming, fish farming, and viticulture. The resulting fruits and vegetables could be exported, leading to greater national development. Farmers would become more dedicated to their labor and actively pursue innovationandgrowth. It has beenreported that the highest unemployment rate—9.8%—is observed inSamarkand and Surkhandarya. In Jizzakh, Kashkadarya, Syrdarya, and Fergana, the figure is 9.7%, while the lowest rate—7.8%—isinTashkentcity.Thenumberofunemployedindividualsneedingjobsis1,399,700. The President emphasized the importance of ensuring employment and increasing income in Surkhandarya, noting that there are officially 102,000 unemployed individuals in the region. “The highest unemployment is in Sariosiyo (8,200 people), Sho‘rchi (8,000), Oltinsoy (7,200), and Muzrabot (5,300). In Sariosiyo, 8 neighborhoods; in Jarqo‘rg‘on and Qumqo‘rg‘on, 7 each; in Denov, 6; and in Oltinsoy and Sho‘rchi, 4 each (a total of 43 neighborhoods) have weak entrepreneurial activity,” said PresidentShavkatMirziyoyev. Additionally, Boysun, Muzrabot, Uzun, Sherobod, and Sho‘rchi are classified as category 4 regions,whileBandixon,Qiziriq,andOltinsoyfallintocategory5.Theseareashavebeenprovidedwith sufficientopportunitiesandprivilegestoimproveemploymentandlivingstandards. The President issued a number of directives on this issue. An additional 200 billion soums will be allocated to the 1.1 trillion soums previously provided for family entrepreneurship programs by July 1. Mono-centers with a capacity of 1,000 students each will be established in unused buildings of the BusinessandLightIndustryCollegeinJarqo‘rg‘onandtheAgriculturalCollegeinUzun. Within a week, micro-centers will be created in the 43 neighborhoods with weak entrepreneurship, and 80 billion soums of preferential loans will be allocated to projects in these areas. By July 1, home-based employment projects will begin in 118 underdeveloped neighborhoods, providingjobsfor10,000people. In 2023, out of 50,000 young people entering the labor market from Surkhandarya, 14,000 will receive loans totaling 350 billion soums, 16,000 will be given land for farming, and