DEVELOPING PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE IN STUDENTS THROUGH VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING

Аннотация

Mazkur maqolada professional ta’lim tizimida o‘quvchilarda kasbiy kompetentsiyani shakllantirish masalalari keng tahlil etilgan. Unda zamonaviy mehnat bozori talablariga mos kadrlar tayyorlash, o‘quvchilarni nazariy va amaliy jihatdan tayyorlashning samarali usullari, kasbiy kompetentsiya tushunchasining mohiyati va tarkibiy qismlari, hamda dual ta’lim, modul tizimi, interfaol metodlar asosida kompetent yondashuvning ahamiyati yoritilgan. Shuningdek, kasbiy tayyorgarlikda o‘quvchilarning shaxsiy sifatlari, axloqiy qadriyatlari, mas’uliyati va muomala madaniyatini rivojlantirish muhim omil sifatida ko‘rib chiqilgan. Maqola yakunida kasbiy kompetentsiyani shakllantirishda o‘qituvchilar malakasini oshirish,ishlab chiqarish korxonalari bilan hamkorlikni rivojlantirishbo‘yichaamaliy tavsiyalar berilgan. Kalit so‘zlar: kasbiy kompetentsiya, professional ta’lim, kasb-hunar, mehnat bozori, dual ta’lim,modul tizimi,interfaol metodlar, tayyorgarlik sifati “Nowadays, in the context of socio-economic development, training competitive specialists with professional skills that meet the needs of the labor market has become a priority direction ofthe education system. In particular, preparing students in vocational education institutions for practical work and developing theirprofessional competencies is considered apressing task.” "The concept of 'kasbiy kompetentsiya' is expressed in international scientific literature through various terms such as 'professional competence', 'key competencies', 'core skills', and 'vocational skills'. According to the recommendations of UNESCO and the OECD, the modern workforce shouldpossess thefollowing competencies:"  Functional competence –theabilityto perform specific job tasks.  Cognitivecompetence –theabilityto solveproblems and acquire newknowledge. page448 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue07,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai  Metacognitive competence – the ability to learn independently, self-assess, and develop oneself.  Emotional-social competence – the ability to work in a team, collaborate with others, anddemonstrate ethics and responsibility. Professional competence is a multifaceted concept that includes not only a set of professional knowledge, skills, and abilities, but also independent thinking, problem-solving, communicationculture, and the abilitytowork ina team. Professional competenceconsists ofthefollowing main components:  Professional knowledge – mastering the theoretical and practical foundations in the chosen field.  Practical skills – the ability to effectively perform practical activities related to the profession.  Personal competencies –communication, ethical qualities, and initiative.  Social-communicative competencies – working with a team, exchanging ideas, and engaging incommunication. These competencies together transform a student not only into a professionally qualified individual, but also into a competitive specialist capable of finding their place in the labor market. Methods ofDeveloping ProfessionalCompetence: 1. Dual Education System. The student spends a certain portion of study time in a production environment. This helps strengthen their practical skills and ensures adaptation toreal working conditions. 2. Modular Teaching System. Through short-term and goal-oriented training based on professional modules, students gradually acquire competencies relevant to their profession. 3. Interactive Teaching Methods. Methods such as role-playing, problem-based situations, case studies, and project work help develop students’ thinking abilities, creativeapproaches, and independent working skills. In preparing students for a profession, it is important to focus not only on technical knowledge, but also on:  discipline  responsibility  honesty  communicationculture the development of such personal qualities plays an important role. These traits help them work effectively in theworkplace, integrate into ateam, and adapt socially. Educational technologies inthe developmentofprofessional competence 1. Competency-Based Approach. This approach focuses not on teaching knowledge itself, but on the student’s ability to apply it in practical activities. Clear criteria are established in each lesson toensure the development ofspecific competencies. 2. Integrated Learning. Theoretical knowledge is combined with practical exercises. For example, when teaching the profession of electrical installation, Ohm’s Law in physics is explained using real-lifeobjects. page449 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue07,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai 3.Use of Digital Learning Environments. Through virtual laboratories, simulators, and online platforms (such as Moodle, Coursera, EdX), it is possible to create an envir