THE ROLE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN MANAGING HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS: CHALLENGES FROM INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCES

Аннотация

This article explores the role of digital technologies in managing higher education institutions, focusing on the challenges faced by universities globally. By examining international experiences, the article highlights both the opportunities and the obstacles that universities face in their digital transformation. Key words: digital technologies, higher education management, international experience, educational transformation, data analytics. In the era of rapid digitalization, higher education institutions worldwide are increasingly integrating digital technologies into their administrative and educational practices. From streamlining management processes to improving student engagement, digital technologies have become indispensable tools in higher education. However, while the adoption of these technologies offers numerous advantages, it also presents a series of challenges. This article examines the role of digital technologies in managing higher education institutions, focusing on international experiences and the challenges they face. The integration of digital technologies in higher education management encompasses various aspects, including: 1. Digital Administration: Automation of administrative processes, such as admissions, student enrollment, grading, and scheduling, has been a primary focus. Technologies like Learning Management Systems (LMS), Student Information Systems (SIS), and cloud-based platforms streamline these tasks, reducing the burden on staff and increasing operational efficiency. 2. Data-Driven Decision Making: The use of Big Data analytics and Artificial Intelligence (AI) has enabled universities to collect, process, and analyze vast amounts of data. These technologies assist in making informed decisions about resource allocation, curriculum design, and even predicting student performance and retention. 3. Online Learning and Virtual Campuses: Digital platforms have also facilitated the growth of online learning. Virtual campuses, e-learning tools, and MOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses) have transformed how education is 44 ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE International scientific-online conference delivered, allowing universities to extend their reach beyond traditional classrooms. 4. Collaboration and Communication Tools: With the rise of remote work and virtual classrooms, universities have adopted collaboration and communication tools like Zoom, Microsoft Teams, and Slack to ensure effective interaction among students, faculty, and administrative staff. Despite these advancements, there are numerous challenges that higher education institutions face when implementing and utilizing digital technologies in their management. These challenges are examined through the lens of international experiences. Challenges in digital governance of higher education: international perspectives, including:  Digital Divide and Accessibility Issues: One of the significant challenges faced by many institutions, especially in developing countries, is the digital divide. Access to reliable internet and the necessary hardware remains limited in certain regions. This digital gap affects students' ability to participate in online courses, access learning materials, and fully engage in digital platforms. The problem is particularly acute in rural areas and lower-income communities, where technological infrastructure is insufficient. For instance, in several African countries, universities struggle to provide students with the necessary devices and internet connectivity, creating disparities in access to quality education.  Data Privacy and Cybersecurity Concerns: The adoption of digital technologies comes with an inherent risk – data privacy and cybersecurity. Higher education institutions collect vast amounts of sensitive data, including students' personal information, academic records, and financial details. The increasing reliance on cloud computing and third-party platforms raises concerns about the security of this data. International experiences, particularly in the European Union, have highlighted the importance of data protection regulations like the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Despite such regulations, many universities face challenges in ensuring that their digital systems are secure from cyber- attacks and data breaches.  Resistance to Change and Institutional Inertia: Another common challenge is institutional resistance to change. Many universities, particularly those with a long history and established traditions, may resist the shift to digital management systems due to concerns over the effectiveness, cost, or perceived loss of academic autonomy. 45 ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE International scientific-online conference In countries like Japan and South Korea, despite their advanced technological infrastructure, universities have experienced reluctance from faculty members to adopt e-learning platforms and digital tools. The mindset that face-to-face teachin