Lexical organization of phraseologism in english and Uzbek languages

Аннотация

Current studies indicate that there are several alterations between English and Uzbek idioms. In English phraseological unities are divided into nominative, communicative, neither nominative nor communicative types. In Uzbek they are separated into synonyms, antonyms, homonyms according to semantic - structural organization. It is obvious that the English and Uzbek languages formerly belong to two diverse families that are the Indo - European and Turkic in this work show lexical formation of both languages according to several statements. Key words: Analytic language, semantic-structural formation, nominative, communicative, Indo - European. In Uzbek language, syntactic relations within sentences are expressed by inflection (the change a the form of a word that indicates distinctions of tense, person, gender, number, mood, voice , and case) or by agglutination (word formation by means of morpheme, or word unit, clustering).2 It is obvious in phraseological examples of English and Uzbek. Most of English idioms are constructed by prepositions existing in the English language: to lock the stable door after the horse is stolen, see eye to eye, pie in the sky, monkey on somebody’s back and others. In Uzbek language, suffixes are widely used for this case: tandirni qizig’ida yopmoq, yetti o’lchab bir kesmoq, ko’ngli xijil bo’lmoq Some of English idioms are conveyed as a delineating explanation in Uzbek. Some linguists reckon that idioms have codependent construction. Idiom is a union of words that possess a figurative sense together. It is composed of parts that are words which have a specific correlation. All the components are equal. They are scrutinized as a whole either from semantic side or syntactic one. If they are analyzed separately, they turn into a common word combination. So it is the testimony for the absence of interdependence. As a conclusion, the analyses of samples point that there are a number of identical and diverse points between structures of two compared languages. The studies of the patterns point out that verbal classification is mostly spread out in these compared languages. They are applied to express daily issues and other fields of our lives as well. Likewise, 63 subjunctive patterns are also quite known and widely - used in both languages. However, there is the difference between adjective classification in English and Uzbek languages. In English language, both parts of idioms consist of adjectives, for instance first and foremost, meek and mild3 and others. It is clearly known that idioms of the have typical syntactic part and they are analyzed as a whole but not separable as word combinations are done. The field of phraseology of linguistics is dealt with the notion of fixed expressions, which are semantically equivalent to a word fixed expressions that parallel in meaning and structure to a whole, and their specific features. Phraseological units, like words, are typical, ironic, frequently repetitive phrases that form the lexical units of a language. Although they are steady expressions that are always ready to be implemented in their meanings and correspond to certain words as a whole, they can sometimes mean a whole sentence. Phraseology encompasses all the stable and fixed expressions that have been in the language for a long time and are set to be introduced into the speech process just like words. Therefore, when including a phrase in a phraseology, it is significant to pay special attention to this aspect of the issue, not whether they are equal to a word or a sentence, but whether they are readily prepared in thought or formed during speech. The study of phraseological expressions from diverse approaches and their comprehensive angle, revealing their qualities, generalization serve to enlarge our language at the expense of new expressions. Furthermore, to analyze the lexical and semantic features of phraseological expressions, it is imperative to regulate their grammatical structure, component structure, their interrelationships, function in speech, and their relationship to existing grammatical categories. Scrutinizing the phrases of T. Murad's novel “Otamdan qolgan dalalar”, we see that in the play about 300 phrases of the Uzbek language are applied more than 400 times. T. Murod avoids reiterating phrases and idioms. However, his method of reusing words, phrases, and sometimes whole sentences to used deliberately in order to give a strong color to the words. We can see in the novel: boshidan qolsin, esidan chiqmoq, esini yig’moq, gap yo’q-so’z yo’q, ichidan qirindi o’tmoq, ko’z ostidan qaramoq, ko’z uzmaslik, ko’zi ketmoq, ko’zini olmaslik, ko’ngli uvushmoq, mehmon atoyi xudo, nazar solmoq, oyoq ilmoq, past ketmaslik, quloq solmoq, qo’li kosov-sochi supurgi, razm solmoq, so’z bermoq, tili bormaslik, tilga kelmoq, toqati toq bo’lmoq, o’pkasini bosolmaslik. Phraseologisms are considered to be nouns, verbs, adjectives, or other expressions, depending on which category the w