THE ROLE OF THE TEACHER IN FORMING ACTIVE LEARNING ACTIVITIES OF STUDENTS IN PRIMARY EDUCATIO

Аннотация

This article analyzes the role and impact of the teacher in the process of forming active learning activities of students in the primary education system. The psychological and pedagogical characteristics of primary school students, their cognitive needs, level of activity, and the development of independent thinking skills are considered as key factors influenced by the teacher’s approach. In addition, the real results of teaching methods, interactive techniques, andstudent-centered educational technologies applied byteachers are presented. Keywords: primary education, student activity, pedagogical approach, motivation, interactive methods,student-centered learning, independent thinking. Primary Education –The Foundation ofLife The primary stage of education is the most crucial foundation in every person's life. During this period, students not only acquire basic knowledge but also begin to develop skills such as independent thinking, understanding the environment, and social activity. Therefore, a teacher working with students at this stage should not only be an educator but also a guide, motivator, instillerofconfidence, and most importantly, a leader who fosters activepersonal development. StudentActivity –ABenchmark ofModern Education Nowadays, the concept of an "active student" is widely used in pedagogy. It refers not to a learner who merely memorizes information but to one who understands, processes, and can apply it in real-life situations. Primary school students are naturally sensitive, curious, and eager to learn—qualities that must be directed correctly by the teacher to ensure high academic achievement in futurestages. TheRoleand Approach oftheTeacher The main task of a teacher is to awaken the student’s desire to learn, motivate them, and encourage critical thinkingand exploration. Special attentionshouldbepaid to:  Student-centered approach – Selecting methods that align with each student's individual abilities,level ofunderstanding, and personality traits.  Use of interactive methods – Turning the student into an active participant through techniques like“Brainstorming,”“Cluster,”“Insert,” and“K-W-L.”  Motivational mechanisms – Enhancing student confidence not only through grades but https://ijmri.de/index.php/jmsi volume 4,issue6,2025 146 also byusingpraise, encouraging phrases, and practical assignments.  Encouraging independent learning – Teaching students to search for information, ask questions,and justifytheir thoughts. EffectiveMethods toIncrease Activityin Lessons To improve retention and maintain student interest in lessons, the following methods have proven effective:  Game-based learning – Presenting knowledge through games helps primary school studentsengage moreactively and remember content better.  Project-based work – Working on small projects in pairs or groups fosters creativity and collaborativelearning.  Digital resources – Using multimedia lessons, animations, online quizzes, and interactive presentations to bring lessons to life. TheTeacher's Speech and Personal Example Primary school students are highly influenced by their teacher’s speech, gestures, and tone. A teacher’s mood,confidence, kindness, and firmness directly affect students’inner emotional state. Therefore, teachers must constantly monitor their speech culture, physical condition, and emotionalbalance. In primary education, shaping students' learning activities, encouraging their activeness, and organizing the educational process in an engaging and meaningful way are fundamental requirements of today’s education system. A teacher’s pedagogical skill, openness to innovation, and affection for students are key factors in this process. Every lesson should contribute to the student’s personal development, transforming them into independent thinkers and active participants intheirlearning journey. If this process continues consistently, we will raise a generation that is confident, thirsty for knowledge, and capable ofinnovativethinking.