SYMBOLIC EXPRESSION OF SOCIAL AND POLITICAL CHANGES IN JADID POETRY

Аннотация

The symbolic images used in Uzbek literature have a unique artistic interpretation in mythology, folklore and written literature. In Jadid poetry, we can see that the meaning assigned to this image has expanded even further. Cholpon, Fitrat, Avloniy, Siddiqiy Ajziy, So'fizoda are creators who have a special position in Uzbek poetry as symbolist poets. The symbolization of socio-political concepts is clearly visible in their poems. This article evaluates the expression of socio-political problems artistically interpreted through symbolic images in Jadid poetry and thepoet's skill. Keywords: Symbol, folklore, mythology, classical, Navoi, angel flower, independence, colonization,dawn. The effective expression of words, their hidden form, is the result of talent. The presentation of thought in a “naked” form turns language into only a means of appeal and information. One of the most important features of poetry is that words often deviate from their main meaning. Therefore, in such works, especially in poems, connotative and metaphorical meanings of language arise. The representatives of classical literature not only used words in their direct meaning, but also used symbols - artistic arts based on words and meaning, using them in new meanings in addition to the well-known meanings of words. In this way, they created a new image that had a unique aesthetic effect. In particular, there are everyday life phenomena and religious, socio- political, spiritual and educational concepts that the creators described with their own symbols and created unusual associations, thereby providing the language with aesthetic value. This served toenrich thepoetic language byexpanding theboundaries ofthemeaning ofwords. If we pay attention, thepoetry ofeach period has itsown uniquesymbols that reflect the newness of that time. From this point of view, it can be seen that their use in the art of the word is directly related to the socio-political, religious and moral views of the period. For example, when talking about symbolism in examples of folk oral art, first of all, we remember that the flower is a lover, the nightingale is a lover, and the rival is a thorn. The expansion of meaning in these symbols over time leads to their conveying other meanings. For example, in folklore, “flower” is interpreted as a symbol of a lover, but it can be observed that this meaning expressed through “flower” has not only been preserved in classical poetry, but has also been used in other meanings. For example, in classical Uzbek poetry, “flower-vard” (rose) has been a symbol of our Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) isavivid exampleofouridea. “Poetry is thecreation ofanother language within alanguage,”say symbolist poets. Of course, in everyday life, the thoughts we want to express can be expressed in simple sentences, but the “reality” we want to describe changes depending on the definition, descriptive word, or symbol weuseand express inanother person. If we look at the history of literature, each era creates its own symbols. Therefore, all symbols created in fiction are related to the philosophical, socio-political, religious, spiritual-ethical and https://ijmri.de/index.php/jmsi volume 4,issue6,2025 69 othervarious problems of itstime. Even in the oldest monuments, socio-political issues were interpreted through figurative images, symbols and analogies. We can see this in the example of the excerpt from the monument “Kul tegin” below. Yourblood ran likewater, Yourbodylay likeamountain. Yourstrong sonbecameaslave, Yourbeautiful daughterbecame amaid. Because you did notknow, because ofyour baseness Myuncle flew away, I sewed a Kyrgyz paper balbal on his head.In the fragments, the phrases “flown like water”, “lay likea mountain”, “became a slave”, “became a maid”, “flew away”,“Isewed a balbalin” revived thesocio-political lifeoftheirtimeas anartisticinterpretation ofhistorical reality. Socio-political problems have always been a major issue. However, with the passage of time, not only these concepts changed, but also the way they were expressed. Symbolism, which was formed in world literature at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries, entered the literary scene as a movement with itsown uniquestyle ofexpression. The main feature of symbolism is to convey the subtleties of emotions in poetry using words and symbols. For thisreason, symbolists describe poetry as a“quiet song”. Symbolists considered emphasizing a specific image, rather than its quality or symbol, as one of the important elements of their creative style. This approach served as an effective tool for expressiveexpression of emotionsin theirworks. Symbolism in Uzbek poetry entered at the beginning of the 20th century under the influence of Russian and European symbolism. These movements led to the formation of new styles and images in Uzbekliterature. The “jadid literature” that formed at the beginning of the 20th century was formed as a component of Uzbek literature. The fact