THE ROLE OF THE "GREEN ECONOMY" IN ENSURING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Аннотация

This article analyzes the content of the concept of sustainable development, its main social, economic and environmental components, as well as the role of the 'green economy' in this process. The importance of environmental responsibility, rational use of natural resources, introduction of renewable energy sources and international experience in achieving sustainable development is revealed. The article substantiates that the green economy is an integral part of sustainable development, based on 'green' strategies, environmentally friendly technologies and global initiatives for theirimplementation. Keywords: Sustainable development, green economy, environmental security, natural resources, renewable energy, international initiatives, innovativetechnologies. ENTRANCE Gradually, ideas about the need to preserve natural resources for recreational and scientific research purposes have led to the formation of scientific concepts based on ecological responsibility for future generations. The practical implementation of these ideas must be accompanied by sustainable development. Sustainable development is understood as development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Sustainable development can be imagined as a process that develops based on the synergistic effect of the interdependent development of the "social"- "economic"-"ecological" triad. The economic approach to ensuring sustainable development involves the rational use of limited resources. The social approach is aimed at ensuring social stability and cultural diversity on a global scale. The ecological approach is necessary to ensure thenormal functioning ofany ecological systems. The economic approach to the concept of sustainable development was founded by B.R. Lindale and J.R. Hicks. According to the Hicks-Lindale theory of the maximum flow of gross income, income should be created while preserving gross capital. This involves the rational use of limited resources and ecological (natural resource, energy and material-saving) technologies, the creation of ecological products, and waste management. The main problem in solving this issue is which capital (physical, natural or human capital) should be preserved and to what extent different types of capital should be replaced, as well as the problem of assessing the value of these assets (ecological resources). As a result, the following two types of economic sustainabilityemerged: M - weak - economic stability of natural and accumulated resources that do not decrease over https://ijmri.de/index.php/jmsi volume 4,issue6,2025 30 time; strength - economic stability based on the non-depletion of natural capital (the need to direct part of the profit from the sale of non-renewable resources to increase the value of renewable natural capital). The social component of sustainable development is focused on the person and is aimed at ensuring the stability of social and cultural systems. An important aspect of social stability is the fair distribution of benefits. In accordance with the concept of human development, a person is not an object of development, but its subject. The concept of sustainable development is based on expanding human choice It implies the active participation of a person in the process of organizing his life activities, making decisions, implementing them, and monitoring their implementation,based ontheideathat he is themaster. From an ecological perspective, sustainable development requires the integrity of the physical and biological systems of nature. In this regard, the ecosystem, which ensures the stability of the global biosphere, plays a key role. The degradation of natural resources, environmental degradation, and loss of biodiversity lead to a decrease in the ability and potential of the ecological system to recover. The coordination of the economic, social, and ecological components, which are considered the means of achieving sustainable development, is a complex task. In this process, the mechanisms of interaction of the three concepts are important. Economic and social components pose new challenges to society, such as achieving justice within a generation (for example, income distribution) and providing targeted assistance to poor groups of the population. Economic and ecological components have led to the emergence of new ideas related to the need to assess the value of external impacts on the environment (to take them into account in the economic reporting of enterprises). Social and ecological components, on the other hand, are raising the urgency of issues such as promoting equality within and between generations (respect for the rights of futuregenerations, participation ofthepopulation in decision-making processes). International action to ensure sustainable development was initiated by the UN. In 2000, the UN General Assembly adopted the Millennium Development Goals, and 2015 was set as the t