OILA SHAXSNI IJTIMOIYLASHTIRISHNING ENG MUHIM INSTITUTI SIFATIDA

Аннотация

The article considers family values as a place that greatly contributes to the adaptation and socialization of the younger generation to society. The family is the only truly functioning social institution that has retained its significance at all stages of the development of human society. For the comprehensive development of the child's personality, favorable conditions must be created in the family, which is directly related to the parent-child relationship formed in the family, since the family has always been and remains the most important institution for the development, upbringing and socialization of the child's personality. The relationship between parents and their children has changed significantly today, perhaps due to the increase in the number of means of influencing the child's consciousness. Therefore, the style of relations between parents and their children is not only a means of maintaining contact with him, but also a unique way of raising children through relationships. Keywords: family, society, social institutions, ability, adaptation. Oila milliy jamiyat va shaxs mavjudligining butun spektrida namoyon bo‘ladigan milliy ma’naviyat an’analarining tashuvchisi. Ta'kidlanishicha, birinchi urinishlar antik davr faylasuflarida uchraydi. Ijtimoiy-falsafiy nutqda oila muammosining rivojlanishi qadimgi yunon falsafasining paydo bo'lishi bilan amalga oshiriladi. Oilani o'rganishga ijtimoiy-falsafiy yondashuv inson mavjudligining asosiy toifalari: erkinlik, sevgi, baxt, hayot mazmuni orqali ushbu ijtimoiy hamjamiyatning yaxlit manzarasining chuqurligi va rivojlanishi bilan ajralib turadi. So‘ngra, keyingi tarixiy davrlardagi ijtimoiy-falsafiy ta’limotlarda oila haqidagi g‘oyalar bosqichma-bosqich tahlil qilinadi. Oila o'zining butun tarixiy mavjudligi jarayonida insonning rivojlanishida alohida ahamiyatga ega, eng muhim ijtimoiy funktsiyalarni bajaradi va har qanday jamiyatning zarur tarkibiy qismidir. Asosan O`rta asrlar shariq falsafasi va bugungi sivilizatsiyalashgan jamiyatda oilaning asosiy ijtimoiy jihatlari belgilab berilgan. Buni biz tariyxiy-etnografik asarlarda ham ko’rishimiz mumkin. Oilani ijtimoiy hodisa sifatida uning ko'p funktsiyaliligini mazmunli o'rganish va uning shaxs va jamiyat uchun roliga qiziqishni birlashtiradi. Har ikki jihatda rivojlanish jarayonida sezilarli farq bor. Dastlab, oila jamiyatning elementar hujayrasi sifatida namoyon bo'lib, uning a'zolari (er-xotinlar, ota-onalar, bolalar) o'rtasidagi munosabatlarni belgilaydi. Tarixiy taraqqiyot oilaning ijtimoiy tuzum asosini ifodalovchi inson mavjudligining ijtimoiy-qiymatli shakliga aylanishiga olib keladi. Ko'pgina gumanitar fanlar vakillari uni madaniy jihatdan postmodern va texnotronik deb ataydigan jamiyat taraqqiyotining hozirgi bosqichi insoniyat oldiga keyingi rivojlanish stsenariysini tanlash muammosini qo'yadi. Albatta, bunday sharoitda oila fenomeni jiddiy inqirozni boshdan kechirmoqda. Uning mohiyati va maqsadi chuqur tushunishni, asosiy oilaviy qadriyatlarni, zamonaviy oila va nikoh munosabatlarining xususiyatlarini aniqlashni, shaxsning ma'naviy va moddiy mavjudligida o'zini o'zi belgilash va o'zini o'zi https://scientific-jl.com/ped 5 Volume-86, Issue-1, July -2025 “PEDAGOGS” international research journal ISSN: 2181-3027_SJIF: 5.449 tasdiqlash shakli sifatida oilaning mavjudligini ta'minlashni talab qiladi (1). Shubhasiz, oila milliy jamiyat va shaxs mavjudligining butun spektrida namoyon bo‘ladigan milliy ma’naviyat an’analarining tashuvchisi hisoblanadi. Insonning ichki dunyosi ma'naviyati uning umumiy mohiyatini ifodalaganligi sababli, u shaxsning yashash maydonining mazmuni va xususiyatlarini belgilaydi, shuning uchun u uning ijtimoiy xulq-atvorining konstruktiv momenti va o'zini o'zi anglash usuli sifatida ishlaydi (2). Insoniyat taraqqiyoti tarixi shuni ko'rsatadiki, hozirgi kunga qadar hech bir jamiyat o'ziga xos ijtimoiy buyurtmalarning ijrochisi sifatida oilasiz yashay olmas edi, chunki oila noyob va hozirgacha yagona ijtimoiy ta'lim institutidir. Birorta ham jamoat, davlat, ijtimoiy institut, qanchalik insonparvarlik bilan tashkil etilgan bo'lmasin, bugungi kunda zamonaviy insonning psixologik yolg'izlik muammosini haqiqatan ham hal qilishga qodir emas. Shu nuqtai nazardan, umuminsoniy qadriyatlarning shakllanishining asosi sivilizatsiya jarayoniga hissa qo‘shuvchi etnik-madaniy qadriyatlar (insonparvarlik, vatanparvarlik, tinchliksevarlik, bag‘rikenglik, ilm-fanga ishtiyoq, mehnatsevarlik, go‘zallik, mehr-oqibat)ning tiklanishi zarurligi kelib chiqadi va bu qadriyatlar faqatgina oiladan boshlanganda gina mustahgam va ishonishli shakillanadi(3). Ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy inqiroz davrida zamonaviy jamiyat jamiyat hayotining barcha sohalarida jadal o'zgarishlar bilan ajralib turadi. An'anaga ko'ra, har qanday jamiyatning asosi bo'lgan oila ham o'zgarishlarga duch keladi. Jamiyatdagi ijtimoiy-madaniy amaliyotlarning o‘zgarishlari bevosita oilaviy munosabatlar madaniyatida namoyon bo‘ladi. Shu bilan bir