HISTORY OF THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE UNION OF COMPOSERS IN THE MUSICAL ART OF UZBEKISTAN

Аннотация

This article covers the formation, stages of development, role in national musical art, and current activities of the Composers' Union of Uzbekistan. The role of the compositional school in our national culture, the opportunities created during the period of independence, and information about international relations are analyzed inascientific andartisticstyle. Keywords: Uzbekistan, musical art, Composers' Union, national culture, professional music, composer, symphonic music, national revival. Аннотация: В данной статье освещается становление, этапы развития Союза композиторов Узбекистана, его роль в национальном музыкальном искусстве и его деятельность на сегодняшний день. Роль композиторской школы в нашей национальной культуре, возможности, созданные в период независимости, и информация о международных отношенияхбыли проанализированывнаучно-художественномстиле. Ключевые слова: Узбекистан, музыкальное искусство, Союз композиторов, национальная культура, профессиональная музыка, композитор, симфоническая музыка, национальноевозрождение. Annotatsiya: Ushbu maqolada O‘zbekiston Kompozitorlar uyushmasining shakllanishi, rivojlanish bosqichlari, milliy musiqa san’atidagi o‘rni va bugungi kundagi faoliyati yoritilgan. Kompozitorlik maktabining milliy madaniyatimizdagi tutgan o‘rni, mustaqillik davrida yuzaga kelgan imkoniyatlar va xalqaro aloqalar haqidagi ma’lumotlar ilmiy-badiiy uslubda tahlil qilingan. Kalit so‘zlar: O‘zbekiston, musiqa san’ati, Kompozitorlar uyushmasi, milliy madaniyat, professional musiqa, bastakor, simfonikmusiqa, milliyuyg‘onish. The rich and ancient musical heritage of Uzbekistan today belongs to the category of cultural values recognized on a global scale. The role of composers in the development of this invaluable heritage at the present stage, especially in the advancement of professional musical art, is invaluable. Independent creative thought, an innovative approach based on national musical standards, and artistic depth, expressing the spirit and hopes of the people in the works, have become important features of the composers' work. Therefore, in the development of Uzbekistan's musical culture, the Composers' Union has created a unique school and formed as animportant institutionin thedevelopment ofart. Socio-cultural changes at the beginning of the 20th century, reforms in the education system, the creation of music schools, and the emergence of the first professional composers played an important role in the formation of the Composers' Union. Especially in the 1930s, special attention was paid by the state to the field of musical art, and the sending of young talented Uzbek musicians to Moscow conservatories for the purpose of training professional composers laid the foundation for the national compositional school. Thus, in the spring of 1934, the first 190 INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL FOR RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT SJIF2019:5.2222020:5.5522021:5.6372022:5.4792023:6.5632024:7,805 eISSN:2394-6334 https://www.ijmrd.in/index.php/imjrd Volume12,issue07(2025) meeting of the Union of Composers of Uzbekistan was held in Tashkent. This historic event marked thebeginning of anew stageinthehistory ofmusical art. Among the first organizers of the association were leading representatives of Uzbek professional musical art: Mutal Burkhanov, Ashrafiy, Suleyman Yudakov, Manas Leviev, Sharof Rashidov. Each of them, inspired by the folk musical heritage of their time, began to create professional stage works. In particular, his early works in the genres of opera, ballet, symphony, and chamber musicgave impetusto thedevelopment ofUzbek musical art. After the creation of the Composers' Union, its main task was to unite artists, exchange experience between them, create conditions for the creation of new works, support young talents, and promote national music. The association not only strengthened the creative environment, but also increased social activity in the field of art. Cultural events organized annually by the association, such as the "Composers' Festival," "Young Composers' Competition," and "Symphonic Music Evenings," were warmly welcomed by music lovers not onlyin Tashkent butalso inthe regions. Although during the Soviet period the activities of the association were strictly controlled by the state, this allowed composers to deeply study folk music, transcribe Uzbek maqom art into musical notation, and compose music for the ghazals of classical poets. Especially between the 1960s and 1980s, hundreds of operas, symphonies, cantatas, oratorios, chamber and variety works were created by the members of the association. These works became the main repertoire of national television, theaters, and concert halls. The compositional school of Uzbekistan, thanks to its unique voice and musical expression, gained recognition throughout the Soviet Union. After the country gained independence in 1991, the Composers' Union began to conduct its activities in anew spirit. Now, creators have the