LINGUO-PRAGMATIC PARAMETERS OF TOUR GUIDE SPEECH IN UZBEK AND OTHER LANGUAGES

Аннотация

This article explores the linguo-pragmatic parameters of tour guide speech based on the material from Uzbek, English, and Russian languages. The goal is to identify the specific features of guide communication, as well as the forms and strategies of speech influence on the audience, considering cultural and sociolinguisticfactors. A comparative analysis of pragmatic tactics such as attention grabbing, contact establishment, information delivery, and attention management was conducted. The study is based on the analysis of authentic excursions, audio recordings, and transcripts. The findings show that pragmatic features of tour guide discourse are closely tied to cultural communication models andaudience types. Keywords: tour guide discourse,.pragmatics, speech influence, Uzbek language, cross-cultural communication,speech strategies, tourism, universals and specification Tour guide speech is a distinct form of institutional discourse where not only informative, but also pragmatic parameters play a crucial role. A guide must not only convey facts but also maintain audience interest, build emotional rapport, and consider the cultural background of the listeners. In the context of globalization, tourist communication is becoming increasingly cross- cultural, requiring flexibleuseoflinguistic tools. Tour guide speech also represents a special type of public communication aimed at conveying information, sparking interest, and creating a positive perception of cultural and historical sites. In the context of globalization and the growing tourism industry, there is an increasing need to study the features of tour guide speech in different languages and cultures. This study aims to identify and compare the linguo-pragmatic features of tour guide speech in Uzbek and other languages. Tour guide speech is a monologic form of communication used by a guide to accompany tourists and provide information about cultural, historical, or natural sites. It is characterized by informational richness, emotional coloring,interactivity andaudience adaptation. The main functions tour guide speech include Informative and emotional-evaluative (creating a positive image of the site), appellative (engaging the audience), cultural and educational functions Lexicaland stylisticfeatures inUzbek tourguide speech isdistinguished by: extensive use of evaluative vocabulary (e.g., "hayratlanarli" – astonishing, "bebaho" – priceless, "muhtasham" – magnificent), use of traditional phrases and proverbs, pronounced respect for historical and cultural landmarks, expression ofnational pride. Forexample: 104 INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL FOR RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT SJIF2019:5.2222020:5.5522021:5.6372022:5.4792023:6.5632024:7,805 eISSN:2394-6334 https://www.ijmrd.in/index.php/imjrd Volume12,issue07(2025) “Bu hayratlanarli Registon maydoni asrlar davomida Markaziy Osiyo madaniyatining yorqin namunasi bo‘lib kelgan.” ("This astonishing Registan Square has for centuries been a shining example of Central Asian culture.") Uzbek tours are traditionally based onstorytelling, often accompanied bylegends and folk tales. Thisstrengthens theemotional connection between thelisteners and the place. Comparisonwith tourguide speech inRussian and English: In Russian speech it is in moreformal style byusingof historical dates andfacts, inclear logical structure and fewer emotional elements. Example: “Here, on Red Square, inthe 16th century, the Pokrovsky Cathedral was built, also known as St. Basil's Cathedral.” In English speech it is in predominantly light and friendly style, by using humor and anecdotes are often used, high level of interactivity by active engagement of tourists through questions anddialogue. Example: “This magnificent tower, known as Big Ben, is one of the most iconic symbols of London and theUnited Kingdom.” Linguistic strategies of speech influence and specification.Tour guide speech employs a range of pragmatic strategies realized through various linguistic means ando pening phrases to tune theaudience: Uzbek: "Assalomu alaykum aziz mehmonlar, bugungi sayohatimiz qadimiy va sirli shahar Buxoro bo‘ylab bo‘ladi." Russian: "Здравствуйте, уважаемые гости! Сегодня мы вместе с вами совершим путешествиепостаринному Ташкенту." English: "Good morning everyone! Welcome to our historical journey through the heart of Samarkand." Activeuseof pronouns like“we,”and “our” creates unity: "Now weare standing in front of theUlugh Beg Observatory..." "HozirbizKo‘kaldosh madrasasi yonidamiz–butarixiy obidabizning xalqimizning faxri." Attention can be managed through pauses whiledescribing places ,specificquestions or gestures, in appropriateintonation, forexample: "Did you know that thismadrasa once housed over 100students?" "Qarang, shutarafga e’tiborqarating –bueshik XVII asrga tegishli." Thesetechniques activate thelistenerand aid in content retention. 105 INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL FOR RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT SJIF2019:5.2222020:5.5522021:5.